摘要
目的了解深圳宝安区农民工对职业病危害防护相关知识知晓情况。方法采用多阶段容量比例抽样方法选择40家工厂企业的l8岁及以上的农民工,采用统一调查表进行问卷调查。调查内容包括农民工一般情况、职业卫生知识知晓情况、职业卫生态度、获取职业病防治法及职业卫生知识途径。结果共调查8014名农民工,其对职业病诊断部门、职业性体检医疗机构等10项基本职业卫生知识平均知晓率为33.1%,其中37.8%、39.0%农民工分别知道职业病诊断部门、职业性体检医疗机构;仅有7.5%的农民工了解《职业病防治法》;89.2%、88.6%的农民工分别认为企业有必要组织员工学习职业病防护相关知识、政府相关部门有必要对企业进行职业病危害因素监督检查;62.0%的农民工表示从事现职业时,被用人单位告知职业病危害因素;63.2%的农民工表示单位组织接触职业危害因素的农民工进行定期的职业健康体检;48.0%的农民工在工作过程中经常使用单位为其提供的防护用品;35.2%的员工参加过企业组织的职业病防护相关知识的学习培训。获取职业病防治法及职业卫生知识途径依次是电视、广播、宣传栏、报纸、卫生部门的宣传、企业培训、网络。结论深圳地区农民工对职业病危害防护相关知识认知情况较差,而农民工、工厂企业都有积极了解职业病防护相关知识的态度,应加强职业卫生法规的宣传及职业卫生服务能力的建设,有针对性地开展健康教育。
Objective To study the awareness of the migrant workers to occupational hazard protection in Bao＇ an District, Shenzhen City. Methods Migrant workers more than 18 - year - old were selected by capacity ratio of multi - stage random selection method from 40 factories and enterprises to carry out a questionnaire survey , which included the general condition, cognition situation of knowledge to occupational heahh, attitude toward at occupational health and the ways to get the information of ＂Occupational Disease Prevention Law＂ and knowledge of occupational health. Results A total of 8 014 migrant workers were surveyed. The average awareness rate of 10 items for basic occupational health, such as departments of diagnosis and health examination of occupational diseases and so on, was 33.1 percent. Only 7.5 percent of migrant workers were aware of the ＂Occupational Disease Prevention Law＂. 89.2 percent of them considered enterprises need to organize their staff to study knowledge of occupational diseases prevention. 88.6 percent of them consider relevant government departments need to supervise and inspect enterprises to the factors of occupational disease harms. 62.0 percent of migrant workers were informed the factors of occupational disease harms by their employing units. 63.2 percent of migrant workers expressed that their employing units can give a regular medical examination of occupational health for the migrant workers exposed to occupational harms. 48.0 percent of migrant workers were using protective equipment provided by their employing units during working. 35.2 percent of staff took part in the study and training of occupational diseases prevention knowledge organized by enterprises. Conclusion The awareness of protection of occupational hazards was unsatisfied in migrant workers in Shenzhen, but both enterprises and workers have positive attitude to understand occupational diseases prevention knowledge. Occupational regulations and the ability of occupational health service should be strengthened. Health education should be emphasized pertinently.
出处
《华南预防医学》
2008年第6期17-19,共3页
South China Journal of Preventive Medicine
基金
2006年深圳市科委立项科研项目(编号:20063228)
关键词
农民工
职业病危害
防护
知识
态度
实践
Migrant workers
Occupational hazard
Protection
Knowledge, attitude, practice
