摘要
为了研究四种罗非鱼挥发性成份的化学成分,采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取罗非鱼挥发性成份,用气相色谱-质谱联用仪对其进行分离测定,结合计算机检索对分离的化合物进行结构鉴定,应用色谱峰面积归一化法测定各成分的相对百分含量。结果共鉴定出45种物质:奥利亚和奥尼各26种,尼罗24种,吉富18种。其中,有7种化合物为4种罗非鱼的挥发性成份所共有。2,4-二叔丁基苯酚在挥发性组份中的含量最高(奥利亚38.44%;尼罗37.34%;吉富35.21%;奥尼除外,占14.10%)。在挥发性成份中酯类、醇类、烯烃和有机酸类居多,分别有10种、6种、5种和4种,其中大部分为有特殊香味的挥发性物质,且该类物质在奥利亚、尼罗和奥尼三种罗非鱼中含量较多,在吉富中含量较少。奥尼罗非鱼中还检测出大量的特殊的挥发性物质L-抗坏血酸棕榈酸酯,其含量高达33.64%。
Objective To study the chemical constituents of the volatile composition from four kinds of tilapia. Methods The volatile composition was obtained by steam distillation. The chemical constituents were separated and identified by GC - MS. The relative contents in the volatile composition were determined by area normalization. Results There are forty-five compounds identified： oreochromis and O. niloticus ♀ ＊ O. aureus ♂ are all twenty- six kinds, nilotica are twenty- four kinds, GIFT are eighting kinds. In the whole, there are seven kinds of compounds for four kinds of tilapia by a total of volatile components. The content of 2,4-ditert-butyl phenol is the highest in the volatile components （Aulia 38.44 percent; Nile 37.34 percent; Yoshitomi 35.21 percent; with the exception of O. niloticusn♀ ＊ O. aureus ♂ , accounting for 14.10 percent）. In the volatile components the more numbers of the categories of esters, alcohols, organic acids and olefins are 10, 6, 5 and 4, most of which are the volatile material with special flavor. The content of such material is much higher in Austria Villa the Nile and the O. niloticus♀ ＊ O. aureus ♂ tilapia, however, it is relatively lower in Yoshitomi. From O. niloticus♀ ＊ O. aureus ♂ , a large number of special volatile L-ascorbic acid palmitate is detected, accounting to 33.64 percent.
基金
2007公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费资助(nyhyzx07-044)
