摘要
林逋隐居孤山时,环居植梅三百六十树,对于林逋的隐逸、形象、人格都具有重要意义:一是林逋以植梅当作隐居生计,为做一个真隐士奠定了物质基础,植梅隐居是林逋选择孤山作为隐居地的一个决定性因素;二是绕屋而种的梅花营造了充满闲情逸致的隐居环境,陪伴林逋度过了寂寞难耐的隐居生活,梅花滋润着林逋的气节、充实着林逋的内心、丰富着林逋的精神,同时也造就了林逋清逸的形象;三是林逋与梅朝夕相伴,为他咏梅成千古绝唱提供了前提性条件;四是林逋在孤山植梅养鹤,产生"梅妻鹤子"的美谈,促进了林逋不仕不娶的隐逸名闻天下。与此同时,林逋的孤山植梅在文化史上具有重要意义,一是林逋隐逸植梅使梅花被后人视为人品高洁的象征;二是林逋因植梅而咏梅成千古绝唱,不仅影响大,引发后人歌咏不休,而且在咏梅中赋予梅花以人格,因此从林逋开始,梅花成为一种人格之花、道德之花、精神之花。
When living a seclusive life in Mount Gu Shan, Lin Bu planted 360 plum trees around his hut which were important to his hermit life, hermit image and personality. Firstly, the 360 plum trees were bread and butter of his hermit life, laying a solid foundation for his hermit life which was the most important reason why he selected Mount Gu Shan as his retreat. Secondly, plum made a easy and exquisite circumstance which greatly affected Lin Bu's psychology, integrity and spirit, and bringing up his new graceful image. Thirdly, he lived together with plum day and night, providing probabilities for him to produce the most famous plum poems which has a great influence on the latter poets and were admired from that time on. Finally, Lin Bu's planting plum and raising crane brought up the approval story of'plum as wife and crane as son', which promoted great fame among contemporaries and left his name in the history. At the same time, Lin Bu's planting plum in Mount Gu Shan has a important significance in the cultural history. From Lin Bu, the traits of plum were being associated with noble characters, and plum began to represent personality in Chinese culture.
关键词
林逋
隐逸
孤山
植梅
赏梅
咏梅
人格
Lin Bu
Seclusion
Mount Gu Shan
Planting plum
Appreciation plum
Singing the praise of plum
Personality
