摘要
通过对比分析国内外文献关于儿童伤害的研究结果,归纳出以下儿童伤害的流行病学特征:伤害在儿童和青少年中发生率为7.97%~37.96%,男性伤害发生率高于女性,儿童伤害高峰年龄段为1~4岁和10~13岁,伤害是儿童和青少年的主要死亡原因。儿童伤害的发生原因主要是交通事故、跌落(跌倒)和溺水。在不发达地区,烧伤和中毒也是主要原因。伤害主要发生地点为家里、学校和道路。儿童伤害的最多发的类型是挫伤,发生部位主要是头面部、骨骼肌。既往伤害史、高强度活动、母亲参加工作都是儿童伤害的主要危险因素。有研究显示,71%~95%的伤害可以通过简单的方法预防,并且使死亡率下降10%~20%。
This paper compared and analyzed of domestic and international literature on children through injury findings,and summarized the epidemiological characteristics of the children's injury: Injury incidence among children and adolescents was 7.97%～37.96%.Accidents were more frequent in males than in females.The predominant age group was 1~4 and 10~13 years of age and injuries were the leading cause of death in children.The results showed that traffic accident,falls were the most common type of injuries.In developing country,poisoning and burns also the most common type of injuries.Accidents were more frequent in the street,at home or school.Contusion is the prevailing nature of injury.Musculoskeletal and head trauma were the
出处
《中国社会医学杂志》
2006年第2期93-96,共4页
Chinese Journal of Social Medicine
关键词
伤害发生率
伤害类型
伤害原因
儿童
The incidence of injure
Type of injure
Injure causes
Children
