摘要
为了探明渭北黄土高原经济林地土壤养分状况及其变化规律,以主要经济林树种杏树、柿树、花椒和核桃作为研究对象,对经济林地土壤养分变化特征进行了研究。结果表明:经济林地由于受成土母质和人为干扰的作用,土壤养分含量变异范围较宽,其中养分变异范围中碱解氮的变幅最小,而速效磷最大,达74.17%;不同的经济林地土壤养分存在一定的差异性,花椒林地有机质和速效钾含量最高,杏树林地次之,柿树和核桃林地含量较低,碱解氮的变化趋势为:核桃>花椒>杏树>柿树,速效磷的变化趋势为:杏树>柿树>花椒>核桃;各种养分在剖面中的含量具有明显的层次性,表层(0-20cm)养分含量最高,随着剖面深度的增加,养分含量逐渐降低,且降低的幅度越来越小,养分具有明显的"表聚效应";土壤养分含量之间存在一定的相关性,有机质与速效钾呈显著相关,与碱解氮呈极显著相关,碱解氮与速效钾呈极显著相关,而速效磷与其它养分变化的相关性较低,没有明显规律性;依据黄土高原土壤养分分级指标,所调查经济林土壤有机质和碱解氮处于较低水平,速效磷、速效钾含量丰富,能够满足一般树木生长的需要。
Soil nutrients characteristics under four economic forest lands（Prunus armeniacia,Diospyros kaki,Zanthoxylum bungeanum,Juglans regia）were studied to better understand the soil nutrients status and change laws of economic forest land in Weibei Loess Plateau.The results showed that the variance range of soil nutrients content was wide,and amplitude of available nitrogen was the lowest and available phosphorous was the highest（74.2%）.There were differences in soil nutrients among different economic forest lands.Zanthoxylum bungeanum land had the highest organic matter and available potassium content;Prunus armeniacia land took second place,Diospyros kaki and Juglans regia lands are the lowest.Available nitrogen content in the four economic forest lands decreased in the order：Juglans regia land〉Zanthoxylum bungeanum land〉Prunus armeniacia land〉Diospyros kaki land,and available phosphorus changed in the order：Prunus armeniacia land〉Diospyros kaki land〉Zanthoxylum bungeanum land〉Juglans regia land.Further more,soil nutrients in different layers of soil profile were significantly different,and top soil in the 0-20 cm layer had the highest contents.Nutrients contents decreased with the increase in profile depth,while the amplitude decreased simultaneously,and ＇surface soil aggregation effect＇ was obvious.There were correlations among nutrients contents.Organic matter was significantly correlated with available potassium（P〈0.05）and available nitrogen（P〈0.01）.Available nitrogen significantly correlated with available potassium,while,available phosphorus poorly correlated with other nutrients and had no obvious law.According to the grading standard of soil nutrients on Loess Plateau,soil organic matter and available nitrogen contents in the investigated economic forest lands were at low level,but these lands were all rich in available potassium and available phosphorus and can meet requirements in tree growth.
出处
《水土保持研究》
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第2期186-190,共5页
Research of Soil and Water Conservation
基金
国家科技支撑计划课题(2006BAD03A02)
