摘要
荇菜花蜜腺的发育过程可分为：起源期、生长期、分泌期以及泌蜜停止期等４个时期。荇菜的５枚花蜜腺均起源于子房基部的表皮及表皮内的２－４层细胞。这些细胞经反分化后分别成为蜜腺的原分泌表皮及原泌蜜组织，两部分细胞经不断地分裂分化，最终成为成熟蜜腺。在蜜腺发育过程中，蜜腺的分泌表皮及蜜腺组织细胞内的内质网、质体、线粒体、液泡等细胞器结构均发生了有规律的变化，内质网在蜜腺分泌期最为发达，且产生大量的分泌小泡。质体在蜜腺生长期逐步积累了大量的淀粉粒而在泌蜜停止期淀粉粒被消耗殆尽。液泡在蜜腺的整个发育过程中呈逐渐加大趋势。线粒体在蜜腺的生长期及分泌期较为丰富。大量泌蜜始于荇菜花芽的露冠期。蜜腺在花朵开放期间受到花瓣内侧基部发达的表皮毛遮掩保护，从而选择了采蜜昆虫的类型。
The development process of the floral nectaries of Nymphoides peltatum (Gmel.) O.Kuntz is divided into four periods:the nectary initiation period,the nectary growing period,the nectary secreting period and the secrete stopping period.Five separated nectaries all initiated from the epidermis of the ovary basis and its interior cells which is 2-4 layer thick.After dedifferentiation,those initial cells respectively develop into primitive secretory epidermis and primitive secretory tissue of the nectary.During the development process of the nectaries,the cell organelle in the cells of secretory epidermis and se cretory tissue of the nectaries such as ER,plastids,mitochondria and vacuoles all undergo regularly changes.Developed ER have produced a large number of secretory vesicles in the secretory period of the nectary.The plastids have accumulated a lot of starch grains since the nectary growing period,but there is almost no starch grain during the secrete stopping period.The vacuoles gradually enlarge during the whole development period of the nectaries.Mitochondria are especially rich during the nectary growing period and the secreting period.The floral nectaries have bagun to secrete a great deal of nectar when the corolla began visible.The nectaries are covered and protected by the epidermis hairs exsiting in the basis of inside of the corrolla during the blooming period.The special site of the nectaries play an important role in selecting the types of the insects which want to collect nectar.
出处
《西北植物学报》
CAS
CSCD
1998年第1期53-59,共7页
Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica
关键词
荇菜
蜜腺发育
超微结构
Nymphoides peltatum (Gmel.) O.Kuntz,development of floral nectaries,ultrastructure
