摘要
目的分析重症监护病房(ICU)创伤患者医院感染的特点及相关因素,以制定相应对策,从而有效减低医院感染发生率。方法对2006年1月-2007年12月ICU收治的384例患者进行年龄、创伤程度、侵入性操作、入ICU前后急诊手术、住院时间、镇静剂使用等因素与医院感染相关性进行综合分析。结果384例患者发生医院感染156例,感染率为40.6%,感染部位以下呼吸道感染为主占63.3%,其次为泌尿道、皮肤软组织;检出病原菌以革兰阴性菌为首,占71.7%,其次革兰阳性球菌占15.2%,真菌占13.1%;病情严重程度、侵入性操作、急诊手术、镇静剂使用,住院时间与医院感染的关系密切。结论重点关注重度创伤、手术患者,加强入ICU前的管理、建立侵入性操作的护理规范、严格执行无菌操作,加强环境监测和管理,防止交叉感染等均是预防医院感染的关键。
OBJECTIVE To analyze the traits and the related factors of the injured patients who had hospitalized in ICU in order to make the corresponding strategies and decrease the incidence of hospital infection effectively. METHODS The hospital infection and the associated factors of 384 cases in ICU from Jan 2006 to Dec 2007, including the patients age, injuried severity, interventional manipulation, emergency operation before or after admission to ICU, the length of stay in ICU and the use of tranquillizer were investigated. RESULTS Of 384 eases, 156 cases occurred in patients with nosocomial infection, with the infection rate 40.6%, infection site or respiratory tract was accounted for 63. 3%, followed by urinary tract, skin and soft tissue. Gram-negative bacteria, were accounted for 71.7 %, followed by Gram-positive cocci （15.2 %） arid fungi （13.1 %）, the severe level of diseases, interventional manipulation, emergency operation, the use of tranquillizer, the length of stay in ICU were related to the hospital infection. CONCLUSIONS The key measures to preventing hospital infection are strengthening the care of the injured patients before admission to ICU, establishing the nursing regulations of the interventional manipulation, performing sterile manipulation strictly, and enhancing the monitoring and administration about environment to control the cross-infection.
出处
《中华医院感染学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第11期1350-1352,共3页
Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology
