摘要
试验以黄瓜为研究对象,通过在育苗基质中加入控释肥料和保水剂的根际水、氮调控措施,研究了其在育苗期间及移栽后营养生长阶段对作物生长和水分、养分利用的影响。结果表明:将控释肥料加入育苗基质,在保证幼苗健壮生长的前提下,移栽时每株可携带186.4～201.9mg的氮素在植株根际,其中控释氮素占90.0%～93.6%,与传统育苗及氮素管理方式相比,在降低基肥氮素用量80%的条件下,植株可正常完成移栽后营养生长阶段的发育进程,同时可降低氮素淋洗损失。保水剂的加入可显著降低育苗阶段的水分流失量,但对降低氮素淋失及植株干物质积累无明显作用。利用控释肥料和保水剂进行根际调控可能成为移栽类作物生育前期简单易行且经济有效的水氮管理手段。
Improving water and nitrogen （N） management for reducing water and N losses, and enhancing water and N use efficiency （NUE）,is very important for vegetable production, especially in early growth stage when the crop roots are not well developed. In this study, controlled release fertilizers （CRFs） and superabsorbent gel were used in seedling substrate of cucumber as a strategy of rhizosphere water and N management. The effects of such management on plant growth, water and nutrients uptake in both seedling nursery period and post-transplanting vegetative ,growth stage were investigated. The results indicated that CRFs applied in seedling substrate, not only significant improved the growth of cucumber seedlings, but also increased substrate nutrient content during transplanting period. Measured data shown that each seedling could carry 186.4--201.9 mg N into rhizosphere at transplanting time while controlled N release account for 90.0%--93.6%. Because of these high content of controlled release nitrogen in the rhizoshpere, compare with conventional practice, rhizosphere water and nitrogen management could save 80% of basal N fertilizer application at transplanting without any reduction of plant growth during vegetative period, meanwhile, N leaching loss was reduced significantly. Superabsorbent gel applied into seedling substrate obviously decreased water leakage in seedling nursery period, but no significant effects on N leaching mitigation and plant dry matter accumulation were observed. In conclusion, rhizosphere regulation which using CRFs and superabsorbent gel in seedling substrate was demonstrated to be a simple and efficient approach for N and water management in early growth stage of transplanted-vegetable.
出处
《农业工程学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第6期87-91,共5页
Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
基金
十一五科技支撑项目(2006BAD10B03
2006BAD10B02
2006BAD17B03)
948项目(2006-60)资助
关键词
控释肥料
氮素
淋失
黄瓜
保水剂
根际调控
controlled release fertilizers, nitrogen, leaching, cucumber, superabsorbent gel, rhizosphere management
