摘要
目的探讨新疆吐鲁番地区维吾尔族、汉族成人支气管哮喘（简称哮喘）发病的相关因素，分析可能存在的民族、地区差异。方法收集吐鲁番地区医院确诊的哮喘患者166例，其中维吾尔族86例（维哮喘组），汉族80例（汉哮喘组）以同期眼科门诊患者为对照，按1：1配对设计。采用问卷调查，血清嗜酸细胞阳离子蛋白（S-ECP）、总IgE（T—IgE）及特异性IgE（S-IgE）检测，进行单因素及多因素条件logistic回归分析。调查结果与我国其他地区的研究资料进行比较。结果呼吸道感染（OR维=5．111，95％CI值：1．203～21．710；OR汉=2．498，95％CI值：1．471-5．069）、家族史（OR维=3．078，95％CI值：1．812～5．188；OR汉=2．711，95％CI值：1．010～6．176）、过敏史（OR维=2．083，95％CI值：1．043～4．162；OR汉=3．998，95％CI值：1．739～9．198）、气候变化（OR维=2．218，95％CI值：1．199—3．778；OR汉=1．733，95％CI值：1．004～2．994）、S-IgE阳性（OR维=1．592，95％CI值：1．018～2．491；OR汉=3．858，95％CI值：2．246～8．507）与哮喘的关联有显著性。维哮喘组中呼吸道感染[59．30％（51／86）]、气候变化[36．05％（31／86）]诱发哮喘者高于汉哮喘组[分别为42．50％（34／80）和21．25％（17／80）]；汉哮喘组中有过敏史[48．75％（39／80）]、S-IgE阳性者[52．50％（42／80）]高于维哮喘组[分别为32．56％（28／86）和30．23％（26／86）]。中、重度哮喘患者血清炎症介质水平测定，S-ECP维为（7．95±3．98）μg／L，S-ECP汉为（11．21±4．74）μg/L；T—IgE维为（72．23±45．92）kU／L，T—IgE汉为（108．81±64．07）kU／L，均明显高于同民族对照[S-ECP维为（1．94±1．16）μg/L，S-ECP汉为（2．07±1．63）μg／L，T—IgE维为（46．19±32．47）kU／L，T—IgE汉为（50．97±38．51）kU／L；t值分别为8．96、10．52、2．81、4．97，P值均〈0．01]。汉族中、重度哮喘患者S-ECP和T—IgE水平均高于维吾尔族（t值3．01、2．68，P值均〈0．01）。结论呼吸道感染、家族史、过敏史、气候变化、S—IgE阳性为吐鲁番地区哮喘发病的主要相关因素。中、重度哮喘发作的患者血清中S-ECP和T—IgE水平增高，汉族患者血清S-ECP、T—IgE水平高于维吾尔族。遗传，环境因素对哮喘的发生和发展有影响。
Objective To analyze possible difference in bronchial asthma between ethnic and geographic groups and explore its correlates among Uygur and Han adults in Turpan Prefecture, Xinjiang. Methods One hundred and sixty-six clinically diagnosed asthmatic patients at Turpan Prefecture Hospital,Xinjiang,86 of Uygur and 80 of Han ethnic,and 166 1：1 matched controls from ophthalmological outpatient department at the same hospital were recruited into the study. Interview with questionnaire was conducted and serum levels of eosinophilic cation protein （S-ECP）, total IgE （T-IgE） and specific IgE （S-IgE） were measured for all of the participants to study related factors for asthma with univariatc and multivariate conditional logistic regression analyses. Results Bronchial infection （ ORU = 5. 111,95% CI： 1. 203 - 21. 710 ; ORH = 2. 498,95% CI： 1. 471 - 5. 069 ）, family history of asthma （ ORU = 3. 078,95% CI： 1. 812 - 5. 188 ; OR. = 2. 711,95 % CI： 1. 010 - 6. 176 ） , personal allergy history （ ORU = 2. 083,95 % CI： 1. 043 -4. 162;ORH =3. 998,95% CI： 1. 739 - 9. 198）, weather change （ ORU = 2. 218,95% CI： 1. 199 - 3.778 ; ORH = 1. 733,95% CI： 1. 004 - 2. 994） and positive S-IgE （ ORU = 1. 592,95% CI： 1. 018 - 2. 491 ; ORH = 3. 858, 95% CI： 2. 246 - 8. 507 ） correlated with asthma in patients of both Uygur and Han ethnic. Percentage of asthma attack induced by respiratory infection [ 59. 30% （51/86） ] and weather change [ 36. 05 % （31/86） ] in Uygur patients was significantly higher than that in Han ethnic [ 42.50% （ 34/80 ） and 21.25% （17/80）, respectively], but percentage of those with personal allergy history [48.75% （39/ 80） ]and positive S-IgE [52.50% （42/80）] in Han ethnic was significantly higher than that in Uygur [32. 56% （28/86） and 30. 23% （26/86）, respectively]. Levels of S-ECP and T-IgE in patients with moderate and severe asthma of both Uygur and Han ethnic [ （ S-ECPU = 7.95 ± 3.98 ） μg/L, S-ECPH = （ 11.21 ± 4.74） μg/L, T-IgEU = （ 72. 23 ± 45.92 ） kU/L, T-IgEH = （ 108. 81 ± 64. 07 ） kU/L, respectively ] were significantly higher than those in controls of the same ethnic [ S-ECPU = （ 1.94 ± 1.16 ） μg/L, S-ECPH = （ 2.07 ± 1.63 ） μg/L, T-IgEU = （46. 19 ± 32.47 ） kU/L, T-IgEH = （ 50.97 ± 38.51 ） kU/L; t values were 8.96,10. 52,2. 81,4. 97, P 〈 0. 01 ], higher in Han ethnic than those in Uygur （t values were 3.01, 2. 68, P 〈 0. 01 ）. Conclusion Bronchial infection,family asthma history, personal allergy history, weather change and positive S-IgE all were important correlates of asthma in Turpan Prefecture, Xinjiang. Levels of S-ECP and T-IgE in patients with moderate and severe asthma increased during its attacks, higher in Han ethnic than those in Uygur. Genetic and environmental factors may be involved in occurrence and development of asthma.
出处
《中华预防医学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第10期907-912,共6页
Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine
关键词
哮喘
维吾尔族
汉族
回归分析
Asthma
UYGUR NATIONALITY
HAN NATIONALITY
Regression analysis
