摘要
目的:了解屏边三七的开花生物学特性,为今后与三七开展远缘杂交提供参考。方法:定株、定时观察记录屏边三七开花的群体、花序和小花,统计其群体的开花物候期、花序的生长动态及授粉和结实、小花的开花过程及周期、开花和散粉规律。结果和结论:屏边三七群体的花期为60d左右。伞形花序的小花平均为44～47朵,自然授粉率平均为73.32%～95.39%,结实率平均为35.65%～51.76%,花序生长最快的时期是3月25日至4月4日,10d内花序直径、花序高、花茎长分别增加44.65%,42.19%,106.25%,至5月初基本定型。屏边三七每朵小花从花瓣开裂至花瓣萎蔫,一般需要36～48h,有60%的小花当日内完成花药散粉,有40%的小花到次日才完成散粉。14:00-15:00是屏边三七开花高峰期和散粉高峰期,占总开花数的28.48%和总散粉数的38.63%,高温(20～30℃)和低湿(<60%)有利于其开花和散粉。
Objective：To reveal the flowering characteristics of Panax stipuleanatus and provide theoretical basis for distant hybridization between P. stipuleanatus and P. notoginseng. Method：During the blossom of P. stipuleanatus,we observed and investigated blooming phenophase,growth dynamics of inflorescence,pollination and seed setting of its population and the flowering process and its period,the regularity of flowering and pollinating of the floret. Statistic analyses were carried out. Result and conclusion：The population florescence of P. stipuleanatus was about 60 d. The average florets quality of umbel was 44-47. The average natural pollination rates were 73.32%-95.39%. The average seed setting rates was 35.65%-51.76%. The highest growth periods of inflorescence are from March 25 to April 4. The diameter,the height and the length of its inflorescence in 10 d increased 44.65%,42.19% and 106.25%,respectively. The whole stereotype period was the May beginning. The time that the floret from petal opening to withering it generally needed 36-48 h,60 percent of the floret finished auther pollinating during the same day and 40 percent until the next day. The flowering and pollinating peak periods were 14：00-15：00,the flowering numbers was 28.48% of the total flowering amount and the pollinating numbers were 38.63% of the total pollinating amount. The high temperature （20-30 ℃） and the low humidity （RH〈60%） were beneficial to flowering and pollinating.
出处
《中国中药杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第20期2567-2570,共4页
China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica
基金
国家科技支撑计划项目(2006BAI06A12-14)
云南省人才培引计划(2006PY02-33)
关键词
屏边三七
开花习性
生物学特性
Panax stipuleanatus flowering behavior biological characters
