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未足月胎膜早破孕妇剩余羊水量与母儿结局 被引量:36

Residue amniotic fluid volume after preterm premature rupture of membranes and maternal-fetal outcome
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摘要 目的探讨未足月胎膜早破(PPROM)发生后剩余羊水量与母儿结局的关系。方法选择2002年1月-2009年2月重庆医科大学附属第一医院产科住院分娩的PPROM孕妇78例,2005年1月-2009年2月重庆市妇幼保健院产科住院分娩的PPROM孕妇67例,共计145例。根据胎膜破裂后羊水指数(AFI)结果将孕妇分为3组:羊水量正常组(80mm≤AFI〈180mm)78例;羊水量偏少组(50mm≤AFI〈80mm)31例;羊水量过少组(AFI〈50mm)36例。观察各组AFI、孕妇发热情况、白细胞计数、发生PPROM的孕周、潜伏期时限、分娩方式、围产期感染、胎儿窘迫、新生儿窒息情况及出生体重、新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征(NRDS)、新生儿呼吸衰竭、新生儿缺血缺氧性脑病(HIE)、缺血缺氧性心肌损害等,并对各组的母儿围产期发病情况进行分析。结果(1)3组孕妇破膜时间、新生儿出生体重、胎盘早剥、白细胞计数、发热等指标分别比较,差异无统计学意义(P〉0.05)。羊水量过少组孕妇潜伏期时间明显短于羊水量偏少组及羊水量正常组,分别比较,差异有统计学意义(P〈0.01)。羊水量过少组孕妇剖宫产率(69%)明显高于羊水量正常组(39%),两组比较,差异有统计学意义(P〈0.01)。(2)羊水量过少组羊膜腔感染13例(36%,13/36),羊水量偏少组8例(26%,8/31),羊水蕈正常组7例(9%,7/78),3组分别比较,差异均有统计学意义(P〈0.01)。(3)羊水量过少组新生儿败血症10例(28%,10/36),羊水量偏少组8例(26%,8/31),羊水量正常组7例(9%,7/78),3组分别比较,差异均有统计学意义(P〈0.05)。(4)羊水量过少组的胎儿窘迫(19%)、新生儿窒息(28%)、缺血缺氧性心肌损伤发生率(56%)明显高于羊水量正常组(分别为3%、8%、13%),差异均有统计学意义(P〈0.01);3组的NRDS、呼吸衰竭、新生儿HIE、新生儿黄疸、新牛儿低血糖、新生儿脑室出血发生率分别比较,差异均无统计学意义(P〉0.05)。(5)以羊膜腔感染为应变量,logistic回归分析显示,PPROM剩余羊水量过少为羊膜腔感染的惟一有效自变量(r=0.863±0.374,P〈0.05);以新生儿病率为应变量,logistic回归分析显示,PPROM剩余羊水量过少是新生儿败血症的惟一有效自变量(r=0.874±0.462,P〈0.05)。结论PPROM后的剩余羊水量过少与潜伏期缩短,剖宫产率升高、羊膜腔感染、胎儿窘迫、新生儿室息、新生儿败血症、新生儿缺氧缺血性心肌损害的增加有关;PPROM后剩余羊水量的多少可作为期待治疗时有效预测母儿结局的指标。 Objective To determine the relationship between the residue amniotie fluid volume after preterm premature rupture of membranes ( PPROM ) and materual-fetal prognosis. Methods One hundred and forty-five pregnant women with PPROM during 28-34 gestational weeks were studied, hospitalized in department of Obstetrics and Gynecology ,The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from Jan. 2002 to Feb. 2009, and Chongqing Health Center For Women And Children from Jan. 2005 to Feb. 2009. All patients are willing to take part in these experiments. According to Amniotie fluid index(AFI) by ultrasound, patients were devided into three groups: ( 1 ) Group of oligohydramnios : AFI 〈 50 ram; (2) Group of borderline oligohydramnios : 50 mm ≤ AFI 〈 80 mm ; ( 3 ) Group of normal amniotic fluid : 80 mm ≤AFI 〈 180 mm. All the groups were similar with patient's age, gravidity and parity, white blood cell count ( WBC), gestatianal age at rupture of membrane, rates of placental abruption, neonatal jaundice, neonatal hypoglycemia, neonatal respiratory distress syndrome ( NRDS), neonatal hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) and neonatal respiratory failure( RF; P 〉0.05). Results (1) Group of oligohydramnios had a shorter latent period ( P 〈 0. 05 ) compared with other two groups ; ( 2 ) Group of oligohydramnios had a high rates of cesarean section ( 69% ), Intra-amniotic infection ( IAI, 36% ), fetal distress ( 19% ), neonatal asphyxia( 28% ) , early-onset neonatal sepsis ( 28% ) and hypoxic-ischemic myocardial injury ( 56% ) than those in Group of normal amniotic fluid (39%,9%,3%, 8%, 9%, 13%; P 〈0.01);(3)Logistic regression analysis showed that group of oligohydramnios was an independent risk factor of IAI and early-onset neonatal sepsis ( P 〈 0.05 ). Conclusions Oligohydramnios after pprom is associated with the shorter latent period, as well as the increasing risks of pregnancy complications of cesarean section, IAI, fetal distress, neonatal asphyxia, early-onset neonatal sepsis and neonatal hypoxic-isehemie myocardial injury. So, the amniotic fluid volume might be an important prognostic indicator to assess the outcomes of maternal and neonatal when PPROM happened.
出处 《中华妇产科杂志》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2009年第10期726-730,共5页 Chinese Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology
关键词 胎膜早破 羊水 羊水过少 妊娠结局 Fetal membranes, premature rupture Amniotic fluid Oligohydramnios Pregnancy outcome
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