摘要
目的了解2007年呼吸病房革兰阴性菌中主要病原菌的体外药物敏感性试验(药敏试验)情况,为呼吸病房合理应用抗菌药物提供依据。方法从新疆医科大学第一附属医院呼吸内科2007年住院患者的合格呼吸道分泌物标本中分离出177株革兰阴性菌,菌株来源于149例患者,试验方法与药敏判断均参照全国临床实验标准委员会(NCCLS)标准,分析177株革兰阴性菌的体外药敏试验情况。结果177株革兰阴性杆菌中,肺炎克雷伯菌占27.2%(48/177),鲍曼不动杆菌占19.8%(35/177),铜绿假单胞菌占16.4%(29/177),阴沟肠杆菌占9.6%(17/177),大肠埃希菌占5.6%(10/177),嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌占5.6%(10/177),其他革兰阴性菌占15.8%(28/177)。体外药敏试验显示肺炎克雷伯菌、鲍曼不动杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌、阴沟肠杆菌对亚胺培南、美洛培南、头孢哌酮/舒巴坦、头孢吡肟较为敏感,敏感率为53.6%～100.0%,对氨苄西林、氨苄西林/舒巴坦、头孢唑啉、头孢克肟的耐药率较高,嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌对米诺环素无耐药株,敏感率为100.0%。结论不同的革兰阴性菌对各类抗菌药物的耐药性存在差异,感染革兰阴性菌时可以选用头孢哌酮/舒巴坦、头孢吡肟、亚胺培南及美洛培南。
Objective The study of the monitoring of drug resistance of 177 Gram - negative bacilli from respiratory tract, and offering the basis of using antibiotics correctly for the physicians of respiration department. Methods Retrospective analyze 177 strains of qualified secreta of respiratory tract isolated from 149 patients of the respiration department in the first affiliated hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, in the period of Jan 2007 to Dec 2007. Selected experimental methods and estimated drug susceptibilities accord to the diagnosis standard of NCCLS. Results Totally 177 strains of Gram - positive bacilli, it had been found that 48 strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae, accounted for 27.2% , 35 strains of Acinetobacter baumannii, accounted for 19. 8% , 29 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, accounted for 16.4% , 17 strains of Enterobacter cloaaae, accounted for 9.6%, 10 strains of Escherichia coli, accounted for 5.6% , 10 strains of S. mahophilia, accounted for 5.6% , 28 strains of else Gram - positive bacilli, accounted for 15.8%. Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter cloacae showed sensitive to Imipenem, Meropenem, Cefoperazone sodium -sulbactam sodium, Cefepime, accounted for 53.6% ~ 100.0%, but resistance rate to Ampicillin, Ampicilin- sulbactam, Cefazolin, Cefixime was higher. There was no resistance stain of Stentrothmomas maltophilia to Minocycline, the sensitivity was 100. 0%. Conclusion The antimicrobial resistance of Gram - positive bacilli is different, and can choose Cefoperazone sodium - sulbactam sodium, Cefepime, Imipenem, Meropenem. This date is important to guide the physicians of respiration department to promote the rational use of antimicrobial agents.
出处
《中国全科医学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第22期2045-2047,共3页
Chinese General Practice
关键词
革兰阴性菌
抗药性
细菌
微生物敏感性试验
细菌感染
Gram - negative bacteria
Drug resistance, bacterial
Microbial sensitivity tests
Bacterial infections
