摘要
本文从结晶化学角度出发，研究了ＺｎＳ晶体的极性生长的习性机理和双晶的形成，认为闪锌矿硫化锌晶体的结晶形貌主要是由正极面｛１１１｝和负极面｛１１１｝的显露程度不同所决定的，而正、负极面的显露与否与溶液的碱度密切相关。溶液碱度增加，正极面生长速率逐渐减慢，与负极面生长速率差异减小，晶粒形貌由四面体形变为以正、负极面同时显露的六四面体形和四角锥体，这主要是由于溶液中ＯＨ－在正极面上的吸附并影响了正极面生长的缘故；ＺｎＳ双晶的形成是由于溶液中存在正离子配位多面体［Ｓ－Ｚｎ４］６＋和负离子配位多面体［Ｚｎ－Ｓ４］６－两种生长基元并相互结合构成双晶核所致，溶液中正、负配位四面体生长基元的多少与Ｚｎ２＋、Ｓ２－的含量有关。由此合理地解释了晶体的极性生长和双晶的形成机制。
Polar growth characteristics and twinning mechanism of ZnS crystals under hydrothermal conditions have been investigated from standpoint of crystallography. It was shown that under hydrothermal conditions the morphology of ZnS crystallites may be changed along four polar axes directions, and crystals are observed in a positive or negative tetrahedron, or in a combination of positive and negative tetrahedra (hexatetrahedral or octahedral) depending on the growth conditions (solution basicity, temperature and mineralizer). Furthermore, twinned crystals of ZnS are easily formed in weak basic solutions and take an elliptic shape with (111) composition plane. The twinning mechansim is suggested based on the incorporation of growth units of positive or negative tetrahedra, which were formed by the ratio of precursors. It was found that the morphologies of ZnS crystals obtained are in accordance with the orientations of coordinated positive or negative tetrahedra( 6- 、 6+ ), in the crystal.
出处
《人工晶体学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
1998年第1期1-7,共7页
Journal of Synthetic Crystals
基金
国家自然科学基金
关键词
极性生长
水热条件
双晶形成
硫化锌
晶体生长
polar growth,twinning mechansim, ZnS crystal, a model “the incorporation of growth units of anionic coordinated polyhedra”
hydrothermal conditions
