摘要
克鲁格曼在借鉴经典区位理论的基础上,引入了世界贸易、新经济增长理论的最新研究成果,改造并创新了传统区位理论,在此基础上构造出一套新的空间区位理论—称之为新经济地理学。克鲁格曼以在该领域及此前在国际贸易和世界经济形势预测方面的贡献,获得了2008年度诺贝尔经济学奖。克鲁格曼新经济地理学是经济地理学在新形势下取得的新成果,解决了许多传统区位理论未能解决的难题,而且使经典区位理论获得了新的发展动力。但是,长期以来克鲁格曼新经济地理学被认为与地理界所研究的经济地理学关系不大,未引起地理学界的足够重视。本文从地理学的角度对克鲁格曼所研究的新经济地理学的内涵、研究意义及其与传统区位论的关系等方面,重新解读和审视克鲁格曼的新经济地理学,分析该理论对经济地理学发展的影响,以期对中国经济地理学的创新研究和制订区域科学发展路线图提供参考。
By the reference and creation of the predecessors＇ theory, Paul Krugman introduces the achievements of New Trade and New Growth Theory into the traditional location theory, and puts forward a new location theory which is called New Economic Geography. Based on this theory and his achievements in the New Trade Theory, Krugman won the Nobel Prize in 2008. Krugrnan defined the New Economic Geography as the location theory of production, just as the concept of the classical location theory, which is proposed to explain the mechanism of formation and evolution of the economic spatial structure. The New Economic Geography theory of Krugrnan, scattered in his several books, is summed up as follows： a main idea, four propositions, four tools and three models. Krugman＇s new Economic Geography is based on the main idea that there exists multiple equilibrium state in the development of economic spatial structure. In order to analyze more clearly the process of formation and evolution of economic spatial structure, Krugman puts forward four propositions： （1） Transportation Costs play a key role in international trade and inter-regional trade; （2） Spatial agglomeration of interrelated economic activity could achieve cost-saving and benefit-increasing; （3） The cost-saving and benefit-increasing from the economic spatial agglomeration could promote the further concentration of economic development; （4） Early-development advantage could lead to the long-term accumulation of economic activity. Furthermore, Krugman introduces D-S Monopolistic Competition Model （built by A. Dixit and J. Stiglitz）, ＂Iceberg＂-type Transportation Costs, Self-organization Simulation and Computer Technology into the new Economic Geography, and builds three models, i.e., the Core-Periphery Model, Urban System Model and the International Model. The New Economic Theory of Krugrnan is a new development of Economic Geography under new situation, which can deal with the difficult problem in economic location study which has not been solved by traditional Economic Geography. But for a long time, the New Economic Theory of Krugman was considered a new academic field which is differentiated from or opposed to the classical Economic Geography in geographical circle. Therefore, this theory has attracted relatively little attention from the researchers in Geography. From the angle of geographic view, the paper reinterprets the theoretical connotation, significance of the New Economic Geography of Krugman and elaborates its relation with traditional location theory, analyses its effects on the development of Economic Geography, and hopes to provide the reference and consultation for innovation of the research paradigm of the Economic Geography in China and drafting of the long-term research program in regional development fields.
出处
《地理学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第2期131-138,共8页
Acta Geographica Sinica
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(40671077,40571058)~~
关键词
新经济地理理论
区位论
意义
克鲁格曼
New Economic Geography
location theory
significance
Krugman
