摘要
立足于小兴安岭地区汤旺河流域,选取新林沟(抚育伐)和育林沟(皆伐)两个小流域,积累了33a的水分数据,通过双累积线法、非参数检验和相关性分析,分析了森林覆盖率变化对两个小流域径流量、洪峰流量、融雪径流量的影响。结果表明:在两个小流域之间,森林覆盖率的变化对这3个因子都产生了显著影响(p<0.01)。在育林沟小流域森林采伐后的造林过程中,随着森林覆盖率的增大,年径流深度、洪峰径流量和融雪径流量3个因子均呈逐步减小趋势,森林郁闭度达80%后,各因子均下降到与新林沟小流域相同的水平;新林沟小流域森林覆盖率常年稳定在80%左右,其径流各指标双累积线在这3个阶段均表现稳定。说明小兴安岭林区同一林分森林经营后森林覆盖率的增加有拦截洪峰径流的良好生态效益,同时也会减小年径流深度和融雪径流。
The effects of forest change on stream flow from small basins have been well documented; however,it has been discussed rarely in China. Availability of long-term hydrological and climatic data from 1973 to 2005,along with compared catchment （Xinlin catchment and Yulin catchment） in Tangwang River situated in Xiaoxing＇an Mountains. Various statistical techniques including double mass curve,non-parametric tests and correlate analysis were applied to analyze the impacts of forest coverage change on annual runoff,peak flow and spring flow. The value of annual runoff-annual rainfall curve and peak flow-rainfall curve was stepwise increase in three sections,and spring flow in two sections. In contrary,Yulin catchment was steady during these sections. The results showed that annual mean runoff,spring flow and peak flow decreased when forest coverage increased.
出处
《水土保持学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第1期16-19,共4页
Journal of Soil and Water Conservation
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(30870420
30771713)
