摘要
对上海和兰州城乡2200个样本的抽样调查结果显示,被访者的家庭性别角色态度不仅与一些欧美和亚洲国家的平等趋向不同,反而呈现刻板化态势。从宏观的社会、历史缘由分析,这主要是经济、社会转型期妇女的全员就业、连续就业减少、就业难度增加的延伸;社会竞争激烈和工作压力增大也成为男外女内传统分工回潮的推力;学界对计划经济时期"男女都一样"批评的矫枉过正也具误导作用;大众传媒对性别角色定型化模式的复制和传播更是潜移默化地影响和控制着受众。回归分析结果报告了文化规范论对性别角色态度具有最为重要的影响,敌意的性别歧视如贬损女性工作能力和效率者更易合理化传统的性别分工模式,善意的偏见即首肯两性间的浪漫关系,以及夫妻在经济和日常生活中依赖、互补性较强的被访,也有更大的概率赞成性别分工定型化。
Findings of a survey of 2200 samples in both rural and urban areas of Shanghai and Lanzhou show that as opposed to the ten-dency in Europe and Asia where families have taken more equal attitude toward gender roles,there is a tendency for the sampled fami-lies to resume a more stereotypical perspective.Looking at it from a historical and broadly social viewpoint,this resumption could be an extension of the decline of women＇s employment in the socioeconomic transition and a push for traditional practice of ＂men domi-nating outside and women dominating inside＂ due to competition and pressure of work overload.As viewed by some scholars,this could also be an effect of excessive criticism of the slogan that ＂women and men are the same＂ popular during the planned economy and media influence on general public.This paper reviews the findings of the survey and points out that cultural value and rules have an important influence on people＇s attitudes toward gender roles.Such attitudes include gender based discrimination that belittles wom-en＇s ability and efficacy and prejudice that emphasize dependency between the sexes,both which reinforce traditional division of labor.
出处
《妇女研究论丛》
CSSCI
北大核心
2010年第2期18-28,共11页
Journal of Chinese Women＇s Studies
关键词
家庭性别分工
性别角色
刻板化
性别角色态度
gender division of labor in the family
gender roles
stereotypes
gender role attitude
