摘要
目的:旨在探索对临床护士开展艾滋病病毒(HIV)职业暴露的预防干预效果。方法:运用培训教育前后对比的研究方法,采用无记名问卷调查方式,并实测针刺伤发生密度,基线调查292人,干预后调查233人,数据采用SPSS13.0软包进行2检验。结果:目标人群对相关知识的正确认知率普遍高达90%以上,但深层次的知识正确认知率偏低(HIV病员的血粘到正常皮肤时间长于5分钟、而且血量较大可能被传染,正确认知率只有75.7%;HIV窗口期正确认知率只有77.9%),一些关键而重要知识点正确认知率没有达到100%(如16.5%不知道怎样处理被污染针头刺伤的伤口)。干预前后正确认知率、危险操作行为、针刺伤、锐器伤的发生密度均有差异性(P<0.05),并呈正相关。结论:广州市临床护士对HIV职业暴露的防护意识很高;知识的正确认知率普遍较高;相关培训未达100%全员培训;培训干预对HIV职业暴露起到积极的预防作用。
Objective：To investigate the depth of nurses in clinical practice understand about the prevention of HIV occupational exposure, and explore the efficacy of interventional methods aimed to prevent such occupational exposure. Methods： Training regarding occupational exposure, risky behaviors, needle stick injuries and preventative methods was provided. Questionnaires aimed to investigate knowledge and understanding of nurses in these issues were banded out before and after the training. The investigation was carried out anonymously. Also, frequency of accidental needle injuries in clinical practice was recorded. 292 nurses completed the questionnaire before training, and 233 post training. SPSS13.0 was used to test the statistical significance. Results： The results on knowledge and understanding of nurses regarding HIV occupational exposure and related topics before and after training differed significantly （ P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion： Nurses in clinical practice in Guangzhou Province are aware of HIV occupational exposure prevention, however, nurses to accept training has not reached the expected 100% of all nurses. Differences exist on amount of knowledge of occupational exposure and risky procedures before and after training. Training can still improve awareness on prevention of occupational exposure, although there was a good general awareness already.
出处
《皮肤性病诊疗学杂志》
2010年第2期137-140,共4页
Journal of Diagnosis and Therapy on Dermato-venereology
基金
广东省卫生科研基金(A2006136)
关键词
护士
艾滋病毒
职业暴露
预防
干预
Nurses
HIV
Occupational exposure
Prevention
Intervention
