摘要
利用1951—2007年广东省韶关、汕头、广州、湛江4个代表站逐日平均气温,计算了月平均、年平均热度日(HDD)和冷度日(CDD)。结果表明广东地区HDD集中在每年11月—次年3月,以1月最大,并具有明显的纬向特征;CDD集中在每年4—10月,以7月最大,纬向特征在7—8月最不明显。各地年HDD、CDD与年平均气温均有较高的相关性。各地HDD多年变化呈明显下降趋势,下降速率分布特点为南北低,中部和东部高;CDD多年变化呈上升趋势,上升速率分布特点与HDD相同。HDD与平均气温具有反位相变化趋势,随着气候增暖广东地区HDD将趋于减小,CDD将趋于显著增加,夏季用于制冷降温的能耗将增加。
Degree day is a quantitative index demonstrated to reflect the demand for energy to heat or cool houses and businesses. The heating degree days（HDD） index is defined as the accumulated Celsius degrees between the daily mean temperature and a threshold temperature when the mean daily temperature is lower than the threshold value. The cooling degree days（CDD） index is defmed analogically as the accumulated Celsius degrees between a threshold temperature and the daily mean temperature when the mean daily temperature is higher than the threshold value. The 21.6 ~C threshold temperature is chosen for Guangdong. The CDD is a good estimation of an accumulated cold during the cold season as well as an index for heating energy consumption within the heating season. The CDD estimates an accumulated warm during the warm season as well as the cooling energy consumption within warm season. The mean daily temperature during 1951--2007 from Shaoguan, Shantou, Guangzhou, Zhanjiang weather observatory in Guangdong is collected to calculate HDD and CDD. The mean monthly HDD concentrates from September to March of the next year while the largest month is January, and changes with latitude. The mean monthly CDD concentrates from April to October while the largest month is July, and does not change obviously with latitude. The annual HDD, CDD are highly correlated with the annual temperature. There is a decreasing trend of HDD in the change of decade scale while the decreasing rates are different because the decreasing rates of the North and the South are higher than the East and Central area. There is a increasing trend of CDD in the change of decade scale while the increasing rates are different because the increasing rates of the North and the South are higher than the East and Central area. With the climate wanning in Guangdong, the larger the CDD, the more the energy consumption in summer in the future.
出处
《热带气象学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第2期223-226,共4页
Journal of Tropical Meteorology
关键词
气候变化
冷度日
热度日
基准温度
气候变暖
能耗
climate change
cooling degree days
heating degree days
threshold temperature
climate warming
energy consumption
