摘要
对2个主要栽培棉种共61个棉花材料的棉仁油分含量测定表明,棉花种间的棉仁油分含量差异较大。陆地棉和海岛棉材料的平均棉仁油分含量分别为30.42%和37.25%。陆地棉材料中棉仁油分含量变幅较大,从25.27%到35.42%;海岛棉材料的棉仁油分含量相对一致。分别以海岛棉‘Pima90-53’和陆地棉‘徐州142’、‘T586’为材料,考察了棉子发育过程中,油分含量及成分的发育变化进程。研究发现,棉仁油分含量在开花后20d时已达到棉仁干重的25%左右,棉子完全成熟时油分相对含量达到最高。气相色谱分析表明,棉仁脂肪酸主要包括棕榈酸、硬脂酸、油酸、亚油酸等,其中亚油酸的含量可达50%以上。随着棉子的发育,棉仁亚油酸含量逐渐减少,而棕榈酸、硬脂酸和油酸含量逐渐增加。棉花种间和种内材料的棉仁油分含量差异较大,说明对棉花材料的棉仁油分含量进行遗传改良具有较大的潜力。
A total of 61cultivars from two main cotton cultivated species （Gossypium hirsutum L., and Gossypium barbadense L.） were employed to investigate the content of cottonseed oil. Apparently difference was found between the two species in content of cottonseed oil with average content of 30.42% and 37.25% in upland cotton and sea-island cotton, respectively. The cottonseed oil contents varied widely from 25.27% to 35.42% in cultivars from upland cotton compared with 34.77% to 38.87% in cultivars from sea-island cotton. Meanwhile, ＇Pima90-53＇, a sea-island cotton cultivar, ＇Xu142＇ and ＇T586＇, two upland cotton cultivars, were selected to study the development of oil in contents and ingredients during the development of seed. The results showed the content of oil increased coupled with the development of seed, and arrived the content peak when the seed matured. The major ingredients of fatty acid included palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, and linoleic acid by means of gas chomatography. Among them, linoleic acid could be up to 50%. The content of linoleic acid decreased during the development of seed, while opposite result was found in palmitic acid, stearic acid and oleic acid. Therefore, the content of cottonseed oil could be improved potentially based on the great variation in content of cottonseed oil among the upland cotton cultivars and between the two main cultivated cotton species.
出处
《棉花学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第4期291-296,共6页
Cotton Science
基金
华中农业大学"大学生科技创新基金"及"转基因生物新品种培育重大专项"(2008ZX08005-005-1)
关键词
棉花
棉仁油分
成分
发育
cotton
cottonseed oil
ingredient
development
