摘要
[目的]为开展套种模式下春大豆新品种选育和大豆高产栽培提供理论依据。[方法]以12个春大豆新品种(系)为材料,对主要农艺性状进行遗传变异分析、简单相关分析和主成分分析。[结果]大豆有效分枝数的变异系数最大,为82.82%,生育天数的变异系数最小,为3.31%;产量与单株粒数呈极显著正相关,与单株荚数呈显著相关,与株高、有效分枝数、主茎节数、百粒重呈正相关,与结荚高呈负相关;从主成分分析看,前4个主成分的累积贡献率达93.034 4%。[结论]产量构成的主要性状有生育天数、主茎节数、单株荚数、单株粒数、株高、有效分枝数、百粒重。在选育适合套种大豆育种亲本选配时,应着重对以上农艺性状进行综合性选择。在套作条件下选择品种时,宜选择植株高度适宜、生育期较长、分枝多、单株荚数多、单株粒数多和百粒重高的耐阴性品种,然后通过播期调整、肥水控制来促进营养生长,提高有效分枝以及单株荚数,保证较高的单株粒数和百粒重,实现增产。
[Objective] The study aimed to provided the theoretical basis for conducting the new variety breeding and high-yield cultivation in spring soybean under the interplanting mode.[Method] With 12 new varieties of spring soybean（lines） as the tested materials,the genetic variation analysis,simple correlation analysis and principal component analysis were made on the main agronomic traits.[Result] The variation coefficient of the effective branches was the largest,being 82.82%,and that of growing days was the minimum,being 3.31%.The yield showed a highly significantly positive correlation with grain number per plant,a significantly correlation with the pods per plant,a positive correlation with the plant height,effective branches,nodes on main stem,100-kernel weight and a negative correlation with the height of bottom pod.The principal component analysis indicated that the cumulative contribution rate of first 4 principal components was 93.034 4%.[Conclusion]The main agronomic traits of the yield composing were growing days,nodes on main stem,pod number per plant,grains per plant,plant height,effective branches,100-kernel weight.When the parents were selected for interplanting soybean breeding,It should pay the attention on the comprehensive selection on above characters.When the varieties were selected under interplanting,the varieties with suitable plant height,longer growing days,more branches,pod number per plant and grains per plant,high 100 kernel weight and good shade tolerance were selected,and then the maize yield should be increased through adjusting the sowing date and controlling water and fertilizer to promote the nutrition growth,enhance the effective branches and pods per plant and ensure high grains per plant and 100-seed weight.
出处
《安徽农业科学》
CAS
北大核心
2010年第18期9463-9465,共3页
Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences
关键词
春大豆
农艺性状
遗传变异
相关分析
主成分分析
Spring soybean
Agronomic traits
Genetic variation
Correlation analysis
Principal component analysis
