摘要
目的了解2007-2008年医院获得性鲍氏不动杆菌(ABA)感染的临床分布及其耐药趋势,为临床感染的预防和治疗提供参考资料。方法回顾分析2007-2008年212例ABA医院感染在临床的分布情况,统计分析其对21种抗菌药物的耐药率及变化趋势。结果 212例ABA医院感染临床分布以ICU最多(102例,48.1%),且多见于心脑血管疾病的老年患者;感染部位以下呼吸道为主(134例,63.2%),其次是血液感染(54例,25.5%);ABA对21种抗菌药物的耐药率除2008年的磺胺甲噁唑/甲氧苄啶(43.4%)、庆大霉素(46.7%)外,其余19种均>50.0%且呈递增的趋势,2008年与2007年相比氨苄西林/舒巴坦、头孢哌酮/舒巴坦、环丙沙星、头孢曲松、妥布霉素耐药率有显著增加(P<0.01),氨曲南、头孢吡肟、庆大霉素也有明显增加(P<0.05)。结论 ABA医院感染菌株在增加,其对大多数抗菌药物有较高的耐药性,且耐药率呈逐年上升趋势,应重视多药耐药菌的预防隔离工作,防止交叉感染的发生,合理使用抗菌药物。
OBJECTIVE To learn the condition of the clinical distribution and resistance developing tendency of nosocomial Acinetobacter baumannii infections during the years 2007 and 2008,to considered the prevention and treatment of clinic infections.METHODS The data of 212 cases of nosocomial ABA infections in 2007 and 2008 were retrospectively studied by statistically analyzing of their resistant rate to 21 antibiotics and forming a diagram.RESULTS In the total 212 cases,most nosocomial ABA infections happened in ICU(102 cases,48.1%),majority of which were in old patients with cardiovascular and cerebral diseases.The most common infection site was the lower respiratory tract(134 cases,63.2%),followed by the blood(54 cases,25.5%).The drug fast rate of ABA to 19 antibiotics was above 50%,and likely to be increased,while other two drugs,sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim and gentamicin,were 43% and 46.7% in the year of 2008.Compared with 2007,in 2008,the resistant rate against ampicillin/sulbactam,cefoperazone/sulbactam,ciprofloxacin,tobramycin,and ceftriaxone was obviously higher(P<0.01),and relative higher(P<0.05) against aztreonam,cefepime,and gentamicin.CONCLUSIONS Nosocomial ABA infections are progressively increasing,developing a higher resistance against the most antibiotics.More attentions should be paid to the prophylaxis and isolation of multidrug resistant strain to prevent cross infections.It is important to use antibiotics properly.
出处
《中华医院感染学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第15期2307-2309,共3页
Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology
关键词
医院感染
鲍氏不动杆菌
抗菌药物
耐药性
Nosocomial infection
Acinetobacter baumannii
Antibiotic
Drug-resistance
