摘要
生态补偿是当前国内外学者广泛关注的热点和难点问题,而科学制定区域生态补偿的空间分配标准又是生态补偿研究中的关键环节。当前对区域空间补偿标准的计算思路大致可分为两种:生态建设成本核算法和生态系统服务功能价值核算法。本文剖析了社会生态补偿与区域社会经济发展的关系,从社会公平的角度出发,利用2007年全国各省市的数据,建立计量经济模型,分析了各省地理要素禀赋差异对区域社会经济发展的影响。在此基础上,提出"地理要素禀赋当量"的概念,分析了该指标在区域生态补偿政策和单项生态补偿政策制定中的应用前景。研究结论如下:①实施社会生态补偿,是各区域获得平等的生存权、环境权和发展权的有力保障,也是促进区域间协调、平衡和可持续发展的必要保证。②各地地理要素禀赋的差异是引起区域社会经济发展差异的重要因素,也是制定社会生态补偿标准的重要依据;③利用"地理要素禀赋当量",可以科学确定区域间社会生态补偿的空间分配标准,有效地避免以往生态补偿政策制定中的"一刀切"现象。
Ecological compensation is a hot subject in academic studies,and the determination of spatial allotment standard is the key point in the research of ecological compensation.There are two kinds of thoughts in the determination of regional spatial allotment standard at present： ＂Evaluation of ecological construction cost＂ and ＂Evaluation of ecosystem services value＂.This paper analyzes the relationships between social ecological compensation and regional socio-economic development,and established an econometrics model with the data of 2007 from various provinces in China.Through this model,the impacts of geographical factor endowment on the regional socio-economic development in various provinces were analyzed from the angle of social justice,and the concept of ＂Equivalent value of Geographical factor Endowment＂（EGE for short） was proposed.On this basis,we analyze the application prospect of EGE in the policy decision making of regional ecological compensation.The results show that：（1） The implementation of the social ecological compensation is not only an effective guarantee for each region to obtain the equal rights of survival,development and decent environment,but also an essential assurance to the coordinated,balanced and sustainable development among various regions;（2） the regional difference of geographical factor endowment is an important cause for the regional spatial variation of socio-economic development,so the geographical factor endowment is an important basis for the determination of social ecological compensation standard;（3） based on the EGE,we can determine the spatial allotment standard of social ecological compensation scientifically,and avoid the ＂sweeping approach＂ phenomenon in the policy making of ecological compensation effectively.
出处
《地理学报》
EI
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第10期1253-1265,共13页
Acta Geographica Sinica
基金
国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)(2009CB421307)
国家自然科学基金项目(40971282)~~
关键词
社会生态补偿
地理要素禀赋
补偿标准
社会公平
中国
social ecological compensation
geographical factor endowment
compensation standard
social justice
China
