摘要
目的了解手足口病突发公共卫生事件报告和应对情况,为预防控制手足口病流行提供科学依据。方法从中国疾病预防控制信息系统中的《突发公共卫生事件报告管理信息系统》下载2008-2009年报告的手足口病突发公共卫生事件和结案报告进行描述性流行病学分析和内容分析。结果 2008年全国共报告手足口病突发公共卫生事件113起,2009年共报告507起;2009年手足口病突发公共卫生事件报告起数较2008年上升157.14%、报告地区明显扩大,但报告病例数、报告重大、较大事件起数却减少,同时,报告事件的及时性提高、事件持续时间缩短。在2008、2009年报告的事件中,分别有73.24%、71.67%发生在幼儿园。两年来幼儿园手足口病暴发疫情多由疾控部门主动搜索疾病监测信息报告管理系统后报告,幼儿园主动报告较少。在应对手足口病暴发疫情中,每起事件均采取了综合性防治措施,有效抑制了疫情的蔓延。应对中发现手足口病的流行暴发与民众卫生观念、农村卫生环境、幼儿园基础设施建设等因素有关。结论 2009年中国各地疾控部门对手足口病报告意识增强,应对能力较2008年有所提高,但幼儿园主动发现和报告事件的敏感性仍有待提高。鉴于引起手足口病流行暴发因素的复杂性,其防控工作仍是一项长期的任务。
Objective To understand the situations of report and response to the public health emergency of hand food and mouth disease （HFMD） in China and provide evidence for the prevention and control of HFMD. Methods The data of HFMD epidemic in China from 2008 to 2009 were collected from national public health emergency reporting information system to conduct descriptive analysis. Results In 2008, a total of 113 public health emergencies of HFMD were reported, and 507 HFMD outbreaks were reported in 2009, an increase of 157.14% compared with 2008. More areas reported HFMD outbreaks, but the reported case numbers and large scale outbreaks decreased. The timeliness of outbreak reporting increased and the duration of outbreak decreased. Up to 73.24% and 71.67% of the HFMD outbreaks occurred in child care settings respectively in 2008 and 2009, most of which were reported by CDCs, a few of them were reported by child care settings. In the response of HFMD outbreaks, effective measures were taken to control the spread of the disease. It was found that the outbreak of HFMD was associated with the public health awareness, rural hygiene and sanitation and child care settings basic condition. Condusion The reporting and response of HFMD outbreak by CDCs was improved in China in 2009, but the active detection and reporting of HFMD by child care settings should be improved. The prevention and control of HFMD outbreak will be carried out for long time because of multi risk factors.
出处
《疾病监测》
CAS
2010年第10期774-776,共3页
Disease Surveillance
关键词
手足口病
突发公共卫生事件
报告
应对
hand foot and mouth disease
public health emergency
report
response
