摘要
目的:探讨恶性肿瘤患者合并感染时病原菌的分布及年度动态变迁、病原菌对常用抗菌药物的耐药情况。方法:对489例恶性肿瘤患者合并感染的情况进行回顾性分析。结果:感染部位以呼吸道为主,占61.1%。感染的病原菌主要是条件致病菌,其中G-菌占首位(46.3%),以铜绿假单胞菌、大肠埃希菌、鲍曼不动杆菌为主;其次为G+菌(29.9%),以金黄色葡萄球菌和表皮葡萄球菌为主;真菌居第3位(23.8%),以白色念珠菌为主。G-菌对青霉素类、头孢菌素类(除头孢他啶外)、磺胺类、四环素类、喹诺酮类抗生素耐药率较高;G+菌对青霉素类、大环内酯类、喹诺酮类抗生素耐药率较高;真菌对氟康唑、伊曲康唑耐药率较高。从5年感染率的变化趋势来看,真菌感染有明显上升趋势。结论:恶性肿瘤患者合并感染的病原菌大多为条件致病菌,并且对常用抗菌药物耐药情况严重。真菌感染上升趋势明显。
Objective To investigate the characters of infection in patients with malignant tumors,especially the distribution,yearly change of pathogens,and pathogen resistance to common antibacterial agents. Methods We respectively analyzed the characters of infection in 489 patients with malignant tumors. Results The respiratory tract was the most frequent infection site （ 61. 1% ） . The infection was mainly caused by opportunistic pathogens. The Gram-negative bacterias mainly consisted of Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Escherichia coli,and Acinetobacter baumannii （ 46. 3% ） . The Gram-positive bacteria mainly consisted of Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis （ 29. 9% ） ,and the rest 23. 8% of the infection was caused by different fungi,mainly consisting of Candida albicans. The ratio of the Gram-negative bacteria resistance to antibiotics such as penicillins,cephalosporins （ except ceftazidime） ,sulfanilamides,tetracyclines and quinolones was higher. The ratio of the Gram-positive bacteria resistance to antibiotics such as penicillins,macrolides and quinolones was higher. The ratio of fungus resistance to antibacterial agents such as fluconazol and itraconazole was higher. The infection caused by fungi obviously increased in the past 5 years. Conclusion The infection in patients with malignant tumors is mainly caused by opportunistic pathogens,and the pathogen resistance to antibacterial agents is serious. The infection caused by fungi is increasing.
出处
《中南大学学报（医学版）》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第11期1183-1188,共6页
Journal of Central South University ：Medical Science
关键词
恶性肿瘤
医院感染
病原菌
耐药性
malignant tumor
nosocomial infection
pathogen
drug resistance
