摘要
本文讨论"一百个(不)放心"类的"概约大量+X"格式。该格式强调高程度的心理情态。首先,考察格式的构成和限制情况。"数量"常见的是"一百/一千/一万个",X是表示心理情态的非名词性成分,具有主观性。其次,讨论格式语义的形成机制和内在特征。用数量大映射程度高,是格式语义的主要形成机制。格式具有不可回溯性和单量幅性(只表示高程度),格式里的"数量"虽然具有计数、表程度双重功能,但计数功能被弱化,不能精确计数,带有模糊性,这是数量映射程度的关键条件。再次,探究格式的语用价值。它不仅为"一百/一千/一万个"等数量词创造了新的语用意义,丰富了心理情态VP的程度表达形式,而且能让抽象程度具体可感。文章最后还简单地探讨了格式如何形成的问题。
This paper discusses the type of ＇approximate large quantity ＋ X＇construction such as yìbǎi ɡe（bú） fànɡxīn（一百个（不）放心）expressing a high degree of mental state in the following aspects：1） It investigates the structures of this construction and constraints and has found that in the construction,the large quantity is usually yìbǎi（一百,a hundred）,yìqiān（一千,a thousand）and yíwàn（一万,ten thousand）while X denoting a non-nominal element of mental state,which is subjective in nature;2）It studies the mechanism of the semantic formation,i.e.in the main,the large quantity expresses a high degree,and it identifies some internal features of this construction such as it is unidirectional and single-leveled,the large quantity,though is numbered,is fuzzy,only expressing a degree;and 3） It asserts that the pragmatic value of this construction lies in the fact that it gives new meanings to the numeral-measure word phrases yìbǎi,yìqiān and yíwàn,enriches the degree expressions of VP of mental states,as well as to make an abstract degree concrete and sensible.Finally the paper has discussed how this construction is formed.
出处
《世界汉语教学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2011年第1期58-68,共11页
Chinese Teaching in the World
关键词
心理情态
数量
程度
映射
主观性
mentality
quantity
degree
mapping
subjectivity
