摘要
为了寻找一种既能使作物高产、优质又环境友好的施肥模式,在天然降雨条件下,采用田间试验方法,在洞庭湖地区研究了7种不同施肥模式对春玉米棒长、单株质量、百粒重、产量、粗蛋白含量、氮累积量、氮肥利用率及玉米地总氮、硝态氮、铵态氮随地表径流流失的影响。结果表明:与不施肥对照相比,20%的沼肥和30%的堆肥2种施肥模式可显著改善春玉米农艺性状,分别使春玉米产量提高了69%和73%,粗蛋白含量提高了42%和36%,植株氮累积量增加了125%和117%,氮肥利用率较高,与施纯化肥处理相比,还可减少玉米种植期间玉米地土壤总氮随地表径流的流失量,减少幅度分别为25.1%和38.3%,从而减少了玉米地土壤造成的农业面源污染。因此,这两种施肥模式可以在洞庭湖地区的春玉米生产中加以推广应用。
To find environment-friendly fertilization modes which can increase crop yield and quality,a field experiment with spring maize was conducted to study the effects of 7 different fertilization modes on the cob＇s length,yield,nitrogen accumulation,fertilizer nitrogen utilization of corn and the loss of TN,NH4＋-N,NO3--N from corn field under natural rainfall condition in Dongting Lake region.The results showed that：The two kinds of fertilization modes,namely,20% of the Biogas and 30% of pig-manure compost,improved agronomic properties of spring maize,increased yield by 69% and 73%,increased protein content by 42% and 36%,increased nitrogen accumulation by 125% and 117% respectively compared with no fertilization;decreased the surface runoff of TN by 25.1% and 38.3% respectively compared with the chemical fertilization mode.Thus these two modes could promote utilization rate of the nitrogen fertilizer and reduce the risk of agricultural non-point pollution,and should be widely used in spring maize production in Dongting Lake region.
出处
《土壤》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第6期915-919,共5页
Soils
基金
国家科技支撑计划项目(2007BAD87B11
2008BADA7B07)
国际合作项目(2007DFA30850)
湖南省科技厅重点项目(2006NK2001)
一般项目(2008SK4051
2007NK3093
2007FJ4237)
湖南省教育厅重点项目(07A028)资助
关键词
有机肥
春玉米
氮
利用
流失
Organic fertilizer
Spring maize
Nitrogen
Utilization
Loss
