摘要
植物雄配子体发育是生殖过程中的一个关键步骤,其生物学过程主要包括:小孢子经过不对称的有丝分裂形成1个营养细胞和1个生殖细胞,生殖细胞再经过第两次有丝分裂形成2个雄配子。该发育过程是众多基因参与的一系列细胞分化的体现,因此雄配子体是研究细胞分化发育分子机理的理想材料。近年来,随着分子生物学和遗传学的发展,以模式植物拟南芥为代表的雄配子体发育研究取得很大进展,并发现一些雄配子体发育调控过程中细胞分裂、分化和互作的重要基因。本文主要介绍植物雄配子体发育过程相关主要基因的功能,并概述这些功能基因在雄配子体发育过程中分子机理研究进展。
Male gametophyte development plays an important role in the process of plant reproduction.The first division of the microspore at pollen mitosis I（PMI） is asymmetric and gives rise to a vegetative cell and a diminutive generative cell.After PMI,the generative cell completes a further cell cycle to form the two sperm cells.Many genes were found involved in the development process of male gametophyte which provided a good way to study the molecular mechanism of cell differentiation and development.With the development of molecular biology and genetics in recent years,the development of male gametophyte of Arabidopsis thaliana has made great progress.A large number of genes were found involved in regulation of cell differentiation and division in male gametophyte development.This paper focuses on summarizing and elaborating the function of major genes involved in the process of male gametophyte development in plant and its molecular mechanism.
出处
《上海交通大学学报（农业科学版）》
2010年第6期563-570,共8页
Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University(Agricultural Science)
基金
上海博士后基金(09R21414300)
中国博士后基金(20090450706)
国家自然科学基金项目(31000593)
关键词
雄配子体
有丝分裂
细胞分化
male gametophyte
mitosis
cell differentiation
