摘要
耐烧蚀材料在国防工业上有十分重要的应用价值,碳化型烧蚀材料是利用高分子材料在高温碳化吸热量的材料。树脂基烧蚀材料一般要求具有高相对分子质量、高芳基化、高交联密度、高C/O比,以使材料烧蚀后成碳率高。材料的烧蚀率与成碳率成反比关系,树脂的成碳率越高,其耐烧蚀性能越好。材料的成碳率高低由树脂的化学结构决定。目前烧蚀材料的研究方向是:成碳率高、比热大、热导率小、密度小、碳化层强度高、热分解温度高的材料。综述了改性酚醛树脂:酚三嗪树脂、硼酚醛树脂及聚芳基乙炔树脂的合成、烧蚀性能、高成碳率的研究近况,并对今后烧蚀材料的研究作了展望。
Ablation-resistant materials play an important role in the defense industry, carbon-based ablative material is a kind of material which uses the feature that the carbonization of polymer material at high temperature can absorb heat. General requirements for resin-based ablative material are high molecular weight, high-arylation, high crosslinking density and high C / O ratio, so that the carbonization rate of materials can be higher after ablation. Material ablation rate is inversely proportional to the carbonization rate. The resin which has higher carbonization rate will possess better resistance to ablation. The carbonization rates of material are mainly determined by the chemical structure of resin. At present, the research trends of ablative material are summarized as follows： high carbonization rate, large specific heat capacity, low thermal conductivity, small density, carbon layer with high strength and high thermal decomposition temperature. The recent studies are summarized, such as on the synthesis of modified phenolic resin： phenolic triazine resin, boron phenolic resin and polyarylacetylene resin, ablation performance and high carbonization rates. And the future research on ablative material is prospected.
出处
《化学与粘合》
CAS
2011年第1期47-50,共4页
Chemistry and Adhesion
关键词
烧蚀材料
改性酚醛树脂
聚芳基乙炔树脂
成碳率
烧蚀性能
Ablative material
modification phenolic resins
polyarylacetylene resin
carbonization rate
ablation performance
