摘要
基于1961—2007年中国西南地区88个气象台站的地面观测资料,结合统计方法和GIS软件,分析了全年及温度生长期内农业气候资源的时空变化特征.结果表明:1961—2007年,西南地区年平均气温呈上升趋势,平均增速为0.18℃.(10 a)-1;温度生长期内≥10℃和≥15℃积温均呈增加趋势,平均增速分别为55.3℃.d.(10 a)-1和37℃.d.(10a)-1.全区年日照时数呈现由西向东逐渐减少的特征,且东部的减少趋势较西部更显著;温度生长期内日照时数整体呈增加趋势,但空间差异较大.全区降水资源总体减少,年降水量和温度生长期内降水量的平均下降速率分别为10 mm.(10 a)-1和8 mm.(10 a)-1.全区年参考作物蒸散量普遍降低,其减幅小于年降水量的变化趋势,约53%的站点温度生长期内参考作物蒸散量减少.
Based on the 1961-2007 ground observation data from 88 meteorological stations in Southwest China,and by using statistical methods and GIS software,this paper analyzed the spatiotemporal change characteristics of agricultural climate resources in this region in the whole year and during temperature-defined growth period.In 1961-2007,the annual mean temperature in the region showed an increasing trend,with the increment averaged 0.18 ℃·（10 a）-1.The ≥10 ℃ and ≥15 ℃ accumulated temperature during temperature-defined growth period also showed an increasing trend,with the increment averaged 55.3 ℃·d·（10 a）-1 and 37 ℃·d·（10 a）-1,respectively.The annual sunshine hours decreased gradually from west to east,and the decreasing trend was more significant in eastern than in western region.The sunshine hours during temperature-defined growth period showed an overall increasing trend,and the spatial difference was great.The precipitation resource had an overall decrease,with the decrement in whole year and during temperature-defined growth period averaged 10 mm·（10 a）-1 and 8 mm·（10 a）-1,respectively.The annual reference crop evapotranspiration generally decreased,but the decrement was less than that of annual precipitation.The reference crop evapotranspiration during temperature-defined growth period within about 53% meteorological stations decreased.
出处
《应用生态学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2011年第2期442-452,共11页
Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology
基金
国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2010CB951502)
国家科技基础性工作专项(2007FY120100)
公益性行业(农业)科研专项(200903003)资助
关键词
西南地区
农业气候资源
气候倾向率
Southwest China
agricultural climate resource
climatic trend rate.
