摘要
文献回顾表明,迄今为止关于外部性理论的研究都局限于静态分析,忽视了外部性动态传导问题。若由动态视角去分析外部性传导,则从中可以引出关于市场效率问题的极为重要的理论分析结论。本文提出了序贯外部性的概念,并对其动态传导和链式反应机制进行了探讨,构建了单向序贯外部性传导的数学模型,并剖析了双向序贯外部性传导的机理。文章指出,在外部性实施主体存在失当行为或利他行为进行转移私人成本时,市场的准入成本标准也随之发生了改变,其中正序贯外部性降低了外部性受体的准入成本标准,而负序贯外部性则提升了该标准,在外部性实施主体与受体进行接触时,此准入成本标准的信息便按时间序列进行传递,外部性受体受此信息刺激后转移成本以使自我处于有利境地,从而造成序贯外部性的链式传导。最后,本文针对序贯外部性传导和政府规制的关系进行了分析,指出在经济领域中判断是采用经济自由主义原则还是采取国家干预主义原则,主要取决于其动因是诱导形成正序贯外部性还是阻止或预防发生负外部性的传导。
The literature review suggests that until now, the researches on externality theory are limited to static analysis while neglect the dynamic transmission of externality. To analyze externality transmission from the dynamic perspective, you can draw important theoretical conclusions on market efficiency. We propose the concept of sequential externality, discuss dynamic transmission and the chain reaction mechanism, construct a one -way mathematical model of sequential externality transmission and analyze the two -- way mechanism of it. The article points out that the standard of market access costs would change when the externality subject has misconduct or altruistic behavior to transfer private cost; positive sequential externality lowers the standard of access cost of externality object, while negative externality raises it; the information of the access cost standard transmits according to time sequence when the subject and the object meet; and that stimulated by the information, the object would transfer cost in order to stay in an advantageous position, which finally makes chain transmission of sequential extemality. Finally, we analyze the relationship between sequential externality transmission and government regulation, pointing out that whether to adopt economic liberalism principles or state interventionism mainly depends on whether its motivation is to form positive sequential externality or to forbid or prevent the negative externality transmission.
出处
《经济学家》
CSSCI
北大核心
2011年第4期40-46,共7页
Economist
关键词
序贯外部性
准入成本标准
动态分析
国家干预
经济自由主义
Sequential externality
Access cost standard
Dynamic analysis
State intervention
Economic liberalism
