摘要
目的分析1989-2006年中国9个省（自治区）18～59岁居民膳食结构的变化趋势。方法以1989、1991、1993、1997、2000、2004和2006年中国健康与营养调查项目中连续3d24h回顾法膳食调查数据为基础，选择有完整膳食调查资料的18～59岁健康居民作为研究对象，7轮调查的样本量分别为5766、7296、7019、7599、8143、7168和6827名。用非参数统计方法进行不同年度食物消费量差异比较。结果1989-2006年成年居民谷类食物消费量呈现出逐年下降的趋势，由1989年的（528．5±192．9）g/d下降至2006年的（427．7±173．8）g／d（x^2=2833．13，P〈0．01）。豆类食物消费量变化不大，1989年为（22．3±39．4）g／d，2006年为（18．9±30．5）g／d，仍处在较低水平。蔬菜消费量变化有一定幅度的减少，2006年男性、女性平均每日蔬菜的消费量分别为（374．5±205．9）g／d和（346．4±187．6）g／d。水果消费率和消费量均有所增加，2006年男、女消费率分别为22．5％（741／3296）和27．7％（1004／3619），平均每日消费量由1989年的（122．4±126．9）g／d上升至2006年的（228．5±267．3）g/d（x^2=539．66，P〈0．01）。肉类的消费量呈现增加的趋势，1989年男性和女性平均每日肉类消费量分别为（97．0±111．5）g／d和（80．2±97．0）g／d，2006年分别达（141．5±125．2）g／d和（118．4±111．8）g／d。食用油消费量呈增加趋势，1989年和2006年平均每日消费量分别为（30．4±37．9）g／d和（42．8±32．3）g／d（x^2=1646．94，P〈0，01）。结论17年间我国成年居民膳食模式正在发生转变，既存在有利于营养改善的因素，同时，也存在一些不合理食物消费现象，可能对健康造成不良影响。
Objective To analyze the trends of food consumption among Chinese residents aged from 18 to 59 years old in 9 provinces （ autonomous region） from 1989 to 2006. Methods The paper was based on data collected in 1991,1993,1997,2000,2004 and 2006 China Health and Nutrition Survey of Chinese residents of 24 h in three consecutive day dietary recall data. The healthy residents aged 18 - 59 years with twenty-four-hour dietary recall data were selected as study subjects. The sample sizes of these seven surveys were 5766,7296,7019,7599,8143,7168 and 6827, respectively. The trends of their food consumption in each year were analyzed through Kruskal-wallis method. Results The intake of cereals decreased significantly from（528.5 ± 192. 9）g/d in 1989 to（427.7± 173.8）g/d in 2006 （X2 =2833.13, P〈0. 01）. The minor variation of soybean food intake was observed . The average intake was （22. 3 ± 39.4）g/d in 1989 and（ 18.9 ±30. 5）g/d in 2006 which was still at a low level. The trend of vegetables intake showed a small decrease. It was （374.5 ±205.9） g/d in males and （346. 4 ± 187.6） g/d in females in 2006 ,respectively. Both quantity and rate of fruits consumption showed an increase trend. Its consumption rate reached at 22.5% （741/3296） in males and 27.7% （1004/3619） in females in 2006, respectively. The average intake increased from（ 122. 4±126.9） g/d in 1989 to （228.5±267.3 ） g/d in 2006（X2 =539.66,P 〈0. 01 ）. At the same time,the daily intake of meat and egg showed a large increase, the average meat intake increased from （97.0 ±111.5 ） g/d in males and （80. 2± 97.0）g/d in females in 1989 to （ 141.5 ±125.2） g/d in males and （ 118.4 ± 111.8 ） g/d in females in 2006, respectively. The oil consumption showed a significant increase. The average intake increased from （30. 4 ± 37.9）g/d in 1989 to （42. 8 ± 32.3）g/d in 2006 （ X2 = 1646. 94, P 〈 0. 01 ）. Conclusions There have been noticeable changes in the Chinese dietary pattern in the past 17 years. Some changes would be helpful for nutritional improvement in Chinese people,but it also caused some adverse effects on health because of improper food consumption.
出处
《中华预防医学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2011年第4期330-334,共5页
Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine
基金
美国国立卫生研究院科研项目（R01-HD30880,DK056350,R01-HD38700）
关键词
食品
膳食
营养调查
谷物
动物性食品
Food
Diet
Nutrition surveys
Cereals
Animal-derived foods
