摘要
作为重要的化工原料,有机过氧化物在工业中得到广泛应用,但是该物质具有很强的分解特性,一旦发生火灾或爆炸,后果非常严重。为研究该类物质的热稳定性,本文通过采用绝热加速量热仪对过氧化苯甲酸叔丁酯干燥样品、潮湿样品以及加过量水的样品进行实验,得到了3组样品的温度、压力随时间的变化曲线,并根据测试结果,分别拟合了不同反应级数下lnk-1/T曲线,得出3组样品的反应级数和活化能。在此基础上,引入热惰性因子对样品的测试数据进行了绝热修正,得到了在最严重事故条件下即完全绝热条件下该物质的热分解特性数据。通过对3组样品绝热分解特性参数的对比分析发现,过氧化苯甲酸叔丁酯具有遇水分解特性,从活化能来看,该物质遇水后活化能降低,反应更容易进行。然而,从最高温升速率来看,干燥的过氧化苯甲酸叔丁酯最高温升速度最大,绝对温升最高,反应最为剧烈,反应危险性最大。因此,由于过氧化苯甲酸叔丁酯具有遇水更易反应的特点,要控制发生火灾或爆炸,应该使该物质在干燥条件下储存,储存温度控制在其绝热初始分解温度79.84℃以下。
It is very necessary to study the thermal stability of organic peroxides because they can cause easily explosions or fires.The thermal decomposition curves of dried and wetted（with different content of water）tert-butyl peroxy benzoate（TBPB）samples were measured by a adiabatic accelerating rate calorimeter（ARC）.Their reaction order n,rate constant k and activation energy Ea were calculated from these curves before and after modification of instrument constant,i.e.,thermal inertia factor of ARC.The adiabatic decomposition parameters obtained show that TBPB is of a characteristic i.e.it can be easily decomposed by water.The decomposition is easier and activation energy lower for wetted TBPB sample,although for dried TBPB the rate of temperature rise is the biggest and the rise of adiabatic temperature the highest,and the decomposition the most intense,and the risk the highest.However,in order to control fire or explosion of TBPB,it should be stored at drying condition and the temperature should not be larger than its initial decomposition temperature 79.84℃.
出处
《化工学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2011年第5期1290-1295,共6页
CIESC Journal
关键词
绝热加速量热仪
过氧化苯甲酸叔丁酯
热稳定性
accelerating rate calorimeter（ARC）
tert-butyl peroxy benzoate（TBPB）
thermal stability
