摘要
用6种不同脂肪源:鱼油(FO)、亚麻油(LO)、大豆油(SO)、二十碳四稀酸(ARA)+花生油(APO)、花生油(PO)和猪油(PL),配制了6组含脂量为8%的等氮(44%粗蛋白)、等能(19.4 MJ/kg)饲料,喂养黄鳝10周后,其结果显示:饲料中不同脂肪源对黄鳝的生长有影响。PO组的特定生长率(SGR)最低,显著低于SO、FO组(P<0.05);SO组的SGR显著高于除FO组之外的其他各组(P<0.05)。黄鳝组织中的18:3n-3和18:2n-6含量与饲料中的对应脂肪酸含量呈线性相关,缺乏ARA的试验组黄鳝各组织中ARA的含量与饲料中的18:2n-6含量存在弱的线性相关;但在各组织中ARA的含量均显著低于APO组(P<0.05)。缺乏二十碳五烯酸(EPA)、二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)的LO、SO、PL、PO各组,卵巢中的EPA和DHA含量与饲料中的18:3n-3含量呈对数函数相关;但在各组织中EPA、DHA的含量均显著低于FO组(P<0.05)。结果表明n-3多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)是黄鳝生长重要的脂肪酸,黄鳝生长需要一个适宜的n-6/n-3比值;大豆油、亚麻油、猪油替代鱼油可基本满足黄鳝生长对脂肪酸的需要,其中以大豆油最佳。黄鳝可合成长链多不饱和脂肪酸(LC-PUFA),但合成LC-PUFA的量有限。
In order to basically figure out the metabolism and demand on the fatty acids of rice field eel,Monopterus albus Zuiew,and provide a frame of reference on selective using different lipid sources for rice diets production of field eel,six isonitrogenous（44% crude protein） and isoenergetic（19.4 MJ/kg） experimental diets were formulated by using six different lipid sources：fish oil（FO）,soybean oil（SO）,and linseed oil（LO）,ARA ＋ peanut oil（APO）,peanut oil（PO） and pork lard（PL）.Female rice field eels（initial weight of 15.5 g） were fed with these diets for 10 weeks.The fats and fatty acid compositions in the muscle liver and ovary of these eels were analyzed by means of chloroform-methanol and gas chromatography（GC） and the growth performance were evaluated with the parameter of specific growth rate（SGR）.The results showed that there were effects of different lipid sources on the growth performance of rice field eels.The SGR of rice field eels fed with PO without n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids（PUFAs） was significantly lower than those fed with SO and FO（P0.05）;the specific growth rate（SGR） of rice field eels fed with SO was significantly higher than those fed with LO,APO,PO and PL,except FO（P0.05）.There were positive linear correlation between the content both 18：3n-3 and 18：2n-6 in the various tissues of rice field eels and those in experimental diets.When the experiment diets were lack of eicosapentaenoic acid（EPA,20：5n-3） and docosahexaenoic acid（DHA,22：6n-3）,there were positive logarithmic correlation between the content of EPA,DHA in ovaries and the content of 18：3n-3 in diets;while the ex-perimental diets were lack of Arachidonic acid（ARA,20：4n-6）,there were positive linear correlation between the con-tent of ARA in muscle,liver and ovary and the content of 18：2n-6 in diets.The content of EPA and DHA in the various tissues of the rice field eels fed with diet（FO） with EPA and DHA were significantly higher than those of the rice field eels fed diets（LO,SO,PL,PO） without EPA and DHA（P0.05）.In general,the n-3PUFAs and appropriate n-6/n-3 ratio were important for the growth of rice field eels.Soybean oil,linseed oil and pork lard were feasible lipid resources for replace fish oil on growth of rice field eels and soybean oil is preferable lipid resources.The fatty acid（18：2n-6,18：3n-3,ARA,EPA and DHA） profiles of liver,muscle and ovary reflected profiles of the corresponding dietary lipid sources.The rice field eel only possess the infirmatory ability to synthesize EPA and DHA from linolenic acid（18：3n-3） and ARA from linoleic acid（18：2n-6） for the limitation in the capacity of fatty acid desaturation.
出处
《水生生物学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2011年第2期246-255,共10页
Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica
基金
国家自然科学基金(批准号:30860217)
农业部淡水鱼类遗传育种和养殖生物学重点开放试验室开放基金(批准号:BM2007-10)
江西省自然科学基金(批准号:2008GZN0025)资助
