摘要
目的建立长江水体血吸虫毛蚴监测方法,监测水体受血吸虫虫卵污染情况,为追踪与控制传染源、切断传播途径及灭螺提供参考依据。方法在长江江苏段选择45个监测点,采用浮瓶-尼龙袋哨螺测定法,每个点投放500只阴性钉螺,于2009年5-9月每月投放1次,每次投放28 h,钉螺收回后置于25℃恒温箱内饲养。首次回收2个月后每月采用群体逸蚴法检测1次钉螺感染性,在末次投放3个月后,采用压碎法解剖全部钉螺,观察钉螺血吸虫感染情况,并调查出现感染螺环境的人畜活动情况。建立江苏省长江水域哨螺监测数据库,绘制哨螺阳性点地理分布图,计算江水中钉螺单位时间被血吸虫毛蚴感染的阳性率。结果 45个点5个月共投放哨螺44 717只,回收43 477只,回收率为97.23%;钉螺逸蚴81 410只次,未发现感染性钉螺;解剖钉螺13 033只,发现5只感染血吸虫,钉螺感染率为0.038%,水体中钉螺感染血吸虫的阳性率为4.11/100万。在45个监测点中检出阳性点5个,阳性点出现率为11.11%;其中哨螺阳性点分布在长江南岸3个、北岸1个、江心洲1个,其阳性点出现率分别为21.43%、5.56%和7.69%,南岸哨螺阳性点出现率是北岸的3.8倍。5个阳性点中有3个为渔船民集散地。结论江苏省长江南岸水域受血吸虫虫卵污染程度高于北岸,渔船民集散地是重要的污染地之一。浮瓶-尼龙螺袋哨螺测定法是监测水体受血吸虫虫卵污染的有效方法。
Objective To establish an approach to monitor the Schistosoma japonicum miracidia in waterbody of the Yangtze River,and monitor the infectivity of water body,so as to provide the evidence for tracing and controlling infection source and interrupting the transmission of schistosomiasis,and Oncomelania snail control.Methods The floating bottle-nylon bag sentinel snails method was employed.A total of 45 surveillance sites were selected along the Jiangsu section of the Yangtze River,500 snails were placed into each site from May to September,once every month.Twenty-eight hours later,all the snails were transferred and raised in an incubator at 25 ℃.Two months after the first recovery,the snail infection was detected each month by using the cercaria-shedding test.Three months after the final placement,all the snails were dissected for observation of the infection.The activities of humans and domestic animals were surveyed in the settings where infected snails were found.The database of surveillance results of sentinel snails in the Yangtze River,Jiangsu Province was established,and the geographical distribution map of site with infected snails was drawn,and the probability that snails were infected with S.japonicum was estimated.Results A total of 44 717 sentinel snails were placed in 45 sites during the period of 5 months,and 43 477 recovered,with a recovery rate of 97.23%.A total of 81 410 snails were detected by the cercaria-shedding test,no infections were found.A total of 13 033 snails were dissected,and 5 were infected,with an infection rate of 0.038%.The probability of snail infection in water was 4.11 out of a million.Five sites with infected snails were found in 45 sites,with an occurrence rate of 11.11%.The sites with infected sentinel snails were distributed in south bank（3,21.43%）,north bank（1,5.56%） and river center（1,7.69%）,respectively.The occurrence rate of sites with infected snails in south bank was 3.8 times more than that in north bank.Among the 5 sites,3 were anchor points of boat fishermen.Conclusions The contamination of S.japonicum eggs in south bank of the Yangtze River is higher than that in north bank in Jiangsu Province,and the anchor point of boat fisherman is one of the important contamination regions.The floating bottle-nylon bag sentinel snails testing method is an effective approach to monitor the contamination of S.japonicum eggs in water.
出处
《中国血吸虫病防治杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2011年第2期121-124,F0003,共5页
Chinese Journal of Schistosomiasis Control
基金
国家重大科技专项(2008ZX10004-011)
国家科技支撑计划(2009BAI78B06)
国家自然科学基金(81071379)
江苏省自然科学基金(BK2009076)
江苏省卫生厅项目(X200701
X200901)
关键词
血吸虫病
毛蚴
浮瓶-尼龙袋哨螺测定法
监测
传染源
江苏省
Schistosomiasis
Miracidium
Floating bottle-nylon bag sentinel snails testing method
Surveillance
Infectious source
Jiangsu Province
