摘要
利用全国194个气象站1951～2009年日照、温度、风速和降水资料,将全国按照气候区域划分为11个气候区,采用线性趋势及Morlet小波函数分析法,对全国及各区域近59年来日照时数的季节变化和年际变化时间序列进行了分析,同时还对与日照时数变化密切相关的温度、风速、降水等气象要素进行了年际变化特征比较。结果表明:全国年日照时数呈显著减少的趋势,平均每10年减少36.9h,各区域变化与全国一致,只是日照时数减小程度不同;1981年是全国日照时数由较强期到偏弱期的转折年;全国年日照时数在1990年代中期前有7～10a左右的明显周期振荡;全国四季日照时数沿海地区减少速度要快于内陆,南方快于北方。全国年日照时数与温度呈负相关关系,相关系数为-0.52;与风速呈正相关关系,相关系数为0.76;与降水呈负相关关系,相关系数为-0.27;前两者均通过了99.9%的信度检验,后者通过了95%的信度检验。
Using the data of sunshine duration,temperature,wind speed,and precipitation from 194 basic/refe-rence stations over China from 1951 to 2009,according to the climatic division,the whole domain of China is classified into 11 climatic regions.The authors studied the changes in annual and seasonal trends of the sunshine duration by using linear trend analysis and Morlet wavelet analysis,and analyzed the characteristics between the sunshine duration and the temperature,the wind speed,and the precipitation.It was found that the annual sunshine duration showed a significant decreasing tendency during the recent 59 years with a decreasing rate of 36.9 h·（10 a）-1.The trend variations of the annual sunshine duration in 11 climatic regions were similar with that in the whole nation,only had the difference in degree.The sunshine duration of China changed from intensive to weak in 1981.There is an obvious 7-10-year periodic oscillation for the annual sunshine duration of China before the mid 1990s.The sunshine duration of the four seasons had a bigger decreasing amplitude in the coastal areas than in the inland areas,and in the South than in the North.There was a negative correlation between the annual sunshine duration and the temperature（correlation coefficient is-0.52）,but a positive correlation between the annual sunshine duration and the wind speed（correlation coefficient is 0.76）,and a negative correlation between the annual sunshine duration and the precipitation（correlation coefficient is-0.27）.The first two correlation coefficients and the last correlation coefficient passed 99.9% and 95% confidence levels,respectively.
出处
《气候与环境研究》
CSCD
北大核心
2011年第3期389-398,共10页
Climatic and Environmental Research
基金
国家重点基础研究发展计划项目2009CB421402
关键词
气候区划
Morlet小波函数
日照时数
相关系数
climatic division
Morlet wavelet function
sunshine duration
correlation coefficient
