摘要
目的探讨泌尿系感染的病原菌分布及耐药性的变化，为I临床及时、正确、合理应用抗菌药物提供依据。方法对我院2006年1月-2008年12月尿液标本培养出的1681株病原菌进行菌种分类及耐药性分析，并与既往文献报道的泌尿系感染菌群及耐药性情况进行比较。结果 前4位的病原菌依次为大肠埃希菌（39．08％）、肺炎克雷伯菌（8．98％）、粪肠球菌（6．6％）、白色假丝酵母菌（5．53％）；大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌对氨苄西林、复方新诺明、环丙沙星、左旋氧氟沙星耐药率较高，且超广谱β－内酰胺酶（ESBLs）阳性率分别为59．1％、59．6％；粪肠球菌对四环素、链霉素、左旋氧氟沙星、环丙沙星等药物耐药性较高；真菌的总体耐药率不高。辟论大肠埃希菌仍然为泌尿系感染的主要病原菌；产ESBLs的细菌率上升；泌尿系真菌感染率增高；临床应及早行尿培养及药敏试验，早期可使用含有p内酰胺酶抑制剂的抗生素，不推荐首选喹诺酮类抗生素。
Objective To study the flora distribution and drug resistance dynamics in urinary tract infection,provide data- based advice of the medicine usage in urinary diseases. Methods The total 1 681 strains of pathogens which were isolated and cultured from the patients＇ urine specimens from Jan 2006 to Dec 2008 were classified and the drug resistance was analyzed,and was compared with the previous literature data. Results The frist four leading pathogens are Escherichia coli （39.8%）, klebsieUa pneumoniae（ 8.98 % ）, Enterococcus faecalis （ 6.6 % ）, Candida albieans （ 5.53 % ）. The E. COL I and KP were highly resistant to ampicillin,bactrim,ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin. Extended spectrum β-lactamase（ESBLs） was detected in 59.1% E. COLI and 59.6% KP. Enterococcus faecalis was higher resistant to tetracycline, streptomycin, levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin. The fungi resistance was not common in general. Conclusions The main pathogen of urinary tract infection is still E. COLI. ESBLs-produced bacteria is rising ; Urinary fungal infection rate is rising;The urine culture and drug sensitivity test should be done as soon as possible in the clinic. β-lactam antimicrobial agents can be used at frist, quinolones are not recommended.
出处
《现代泌尿外科杂志》
CAS
2011年第4期362-364,共3页
Journal of Modern Urology
关键词
泌尿系感染
菌群分布
大肠埃希菌
耐药性
超广谱Β-内酰胺酶
urinary tract infections
flora distribution
escherichia coli
drug resistance
extended spectyum/3_ lactamase.
