摘要
目的了解厦门地区呼吸道感染患儿分离的嗜血杆菌对抗菌药物的耐药情况,为临床用药提供依据。方法收集2010年儿童患者下呼吸道标本分离的90株嗜血杆菌。细菌的鉴定采用VITEK-2 compact微生物分析系统及配套的鉴定卡,药物敏感试验使用ATB Haemo试条。β-内酰胺酶检测使用头孢硝噻吩纸片,数据录入WHONET 5.4软件分析。结果在患儿下呼吸道病原中,嗜血杆菌占第3位,主要包括流感嗜血杆菌和副流感嗜血杆菌。嗜血杆菌对复方新诺明和氨苄西林的耐药率相对较高,分别为38.9%和26.7%,对头孢克洛、四环素、利福平、氯霉素和头孢呋辛的耐药率分别为20.0%、20.0%、13.3%、13.3%和10.0%,对阿莫西林/克拉维酸、头孢噻肟、氧氟沙星的敏感率在95.0%以上。β-内酰胺酶阳性率为24.4%。结论嗜血杆菌是儿童呼吸道感染重要的病原菌之一,临床上应加强对其分离培养,其对氨苄西林、复方新诺明的耐药率高,已不宜再作为临床治疗的首选药物。
Objective To investigate antibacterial susceptibility of Haemophilus strains isolated from children with respiratory tract infection,and provide evidence for antimicrobial therapy.Methods A total of 90 strains of Haemophilus were collected from lower respiratory tract among children during 2010.Identification and susceptibility were performed by Vitek-2 compact automated system and ATB Haemo susceptibility test strip.β-lactamase was screened by Nitrocefin disk.Data analysis was carried out by WHONET 5.4.Results Haemophilus species was the third infectious pathogen of lower respiratory tract isolated from children,including H.influzae and H.parainfluzae.The resistance rates of Haemophilus to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and ampicillin were 38.9% and 26.7%,respectively,and the resistant rates of Haemophilus to cefuroxime,chloramphenicol,rifampicin,cefaclor and tetracycline were 20.0%,20.0%,13.3%,13.3% and 10.0%.However,the sensitive rates of Haemophilus to amoxicillin-clavulanic,ceftaxime and ofloxacin were higher than 95.0%.The positive rate of β-lactamase was 24.4%.Conclusion Haemophilus species is the main pathogen of lower respiratory tract infection in children.Trimethoprim sulfamethoxazole and ampicillin are not considered for first choice of antimicrobial therapy.
出处
《检验医学与临床》
CAS
2011年第16期1927-1928,1930,共3页
Laboratory Medicine and Clinic
