摘要
目的探讨呼吸机相关性肺炎(ventilator-associated pneumonia,VAP)的病原菌分布及耐药性。方法对56例VAP患者的痰标本进行细菌培养及药敏试验,并进行分析。结果 56例VAP患者中分离出病原菌共78株,居前6位的主要病原菌是:铜绿假单胞菌(PAE,24.4%),嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌(SMA,12.8%),大肠埃希杆菌(ECO,10.3%),金黄色葡萄球菌(8.9%),鲍曼不动杆菌(ABA,7.7%),肺炎克雷伯菌(KPN,6.4%)。PAE以耐哌拉西林(63.1%)、头孢唑啉(57.9%)、头孢他啶(52.6%)、左氧氟沙星(52.6%)为主,SMA以耐亚胺培南(100.0%)、美罗培南(100.0%)、哌拉西林(100.0%)、头孢唑啉(90.0%)、阿米卡星(90.0%)、哌拉西林/他唑巴坦(90.0%)为主,ECO以耐环丙沙星(75.0%)、头孢唑啉(62.5%)、哌拉西林(62.5%)、左氧氟沙星(62.5%)、哌拉西林/他唑巴坦(62.5%)为主,ABA以耐哌拉西林(83.3%)、环丙沙星(66.7%)、头孢唑啉(66.7%)为主,KPN以耐头孢唑啉(80.0%)、哌拉西林(80.0%)、环丙沙星(60.0%)、左氧氟沙星(60.0%)为主。结论 VAP的病原菌以革兰阴性杆菌为主,耐药率高,加强预防及合理抗生素治疗有助于VAP的防治。
Objective To explore the distribution of pathogens causing ventilator-associated pneumonia（VAP） and bacterial drug resistance.Methods Sputum samples were taken from 56 patients with VAP for bacterial culture and sensitivity testing.Results A total of 78 isolates of pathogens were collected from the 56 VAP patients.The top 6 pathogens were Pseudomonas aeruginosa（PAE,24.4%）,Stenotrophomonas maltophilia（SMA,12.8%）,Escherichia coli（ECO,10.3%）,Staphylococcus aureus（8.9%）,Acinetobacter bacilli（ABA,7.7%）,and klebsiella pneumoniae（KPN,6.4%）.PAE was mainly resistant to piperacillin（63.1%）,cefazolin（57.9%）,ceftazidime（52.6%） and levofloxacin（52.6%）;SMA was mainly resistant to imipenem（100.0%）,meropenem（100.0%）,piperacillin（100.0%）,cefazolin（90.0%）,amikacin（90.0%） and piperacillin/tazobactam（90.0%）;ECO was mainly resistant to ciprofloxacin（75.0%）,cefazolin（62.5%）,piperacillin（62.5%）,levofloxacin（62.5%） and piperacilli/tazobactam（62.5%）;ABA was mainly resistant to piperacillin（83.3%）,ciprofloxacin（66.7%） and cefazolin（66.7%）;KPN was mainly resistant to cefazolin（80.0%）,piperacillin（80.0%）,ciprofloxacin（60.0%） and levofloxacin（60.0%）.Conclusion VAP is mainly caused by antibiotic-resistant gram-negative bacteria.Strengthening the prevention and rational antibiotic therapy are conducive to the prevention and treatment of VAP.
出处
《南昌大学学报（医学版）》
CAS
2011年第6期40-42,共3页
Journal of Nanchang University：Medical Sciences
关键词
呼吸机相关性肺炎
病原菌
耐药性
ventilator-associated pneumonia
pathogens
drug resistance
