摘要
为了确定南四湖区农田合理的氮磷肥投入量,减轻氮磷流失风险,对不同氮磷水平下稻田的稻谷产量及肥料吸收利用情况进行研究。结果表明,不施氮磷肥使耕层土壤氮磷含量明显下降,稻谷产量显著降低;减施30%氮磷肥显著提高了氮磷肥利用率,降低了稻谷产量。过量施用氮磷肥处理对稻谷产量无显著效果,且显著提高了耕层土壤硝态氮含量,明显降低了氮磷肥利用率,促进了水稻对氮素的积累,对水稻磷素积累无显著效果。稻谷氮磷累积量明显高于稻草,稻谷和稻草含氮量均随氮磷肥施用量的增加而增大。氮磷肥利用率随氮磷肥施用量的增加而降低。减施15%氮磷肥对土壤氮磷含量和稻谷产量均影响不大,显著提高了氮磷肥利用效率,降低了经济成本,减轻了氮磷素流失风险,是南四湖区稻田较好的氮磷肥施用模式。
For determining reasonable paddy fertilizer inputs including nitrogen and phosphate in Nansihu basin while reducing the loss risk of nitrogen and phosphorus,it was studied that paddy yield,absorption and utilization of fertilizer in paddy with different levels of nitrogen and phosphorus.The results showed that treatment without N,P fertilizer application declined N and P content while reducing grains production significantly.Treatment with reducing N and P fertilizer application by 30% enhanced utilization efficiency of N and P fertilizer prominently.Meanwhile,it also decreased grains production obviously.Excessive N and P fertilizer application could not promote grains production obviously.Furthermore,it increased amount of top soil nitrate nitrogen significantly,and decreased use efficiency of N and P fertilizer obviously,and promoted the nitrogen accumulation of rice obviously while had no obvious effect on the phosphorus accumulation of rice.Nitrogen and phosphorus accumulation of grains were obviously higher than rice straw,and nitrogen content of grains and rice straw increased with N and P fertilizer application.The use efficiency of N and P fertilizer presented a trend of decrease with the increasing N and P fertilizer application.Treatment with reducing N and P fertilizer application by 15% influenced soil N and P content and grains production scarcely,while the use efficiency of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer achieved 43.17% and 48.00% respectively,and decreased the loss risk of nitrogen and phosphorus greatly.Meanwhile,it reduced economic cost,so it＇s a better model of N and P fertilizer application in rice field of Nansihu basin.
出处
《土壤通报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2011年第5期1204-1208,共5页
Chinese Journal of Soil Science
基金
国家科技支撑计划专题(2007BAD87B05-11)
山东省农业良种工程项目(2008LZ006-02)资助
关键词
南四湖区
稻田
氮磷水平
稻谷产量
肥料利用率
Nansihu basin
Rice field
Nitrogen and phosphorus levels
Grains production
Use efficiency of fertilizer
