摘要
目的调查深圳市宝安区变应性鼻炎患者常见变应原的分布情况。方法以650例疑似变应性鼻炎的4～14岁患儿为研究对象,进行13种吸入性变应原皮肤点刺试验和体外过敏原特异性IgE(SIgE)检测,测定致敏变应原。结果 650例疑似变应性鼻炎中451例(69.4%)符合条件的变应性鼻炎变应原测试有阳性反应。单种变应原阳性37例,2种以上变应原阳性414例;以吸入性变应原为主,其中43例有哮喘病史。451例阳性病例中屋尘螨阳性率最高,为390例(86.5%);其次是粉尘螨346例(76.7%)。血清IgE检测中阳性率达到83.3%,其中4～7岁组患儿皮肤变应原点刺试验阳性率达90.8%,血清IgE检测为87.3%,而且主要要以屋尘螨、粉尘螨为主,全蛋和牛奶的比例显著增加,8～14岁患儿分别为69.6%和78.1%。结论变应性鼻炎是哮喘发生的危险因素之一,屋尘螨、粉尘螨是深圳宝安地区儿童变应性鼻炎的最常见变应原,应作为该地区儿童变应性鼻炎防治的重点。
Objective To study the allergen spectrum of child patients with allergic rhinitis（AR） in Shenzhen Bao＇an area.Methods 650 pediatric patients with suspected AR were given skin prick test（SPT） of 13 items and SIgE detection to determine the allergens.Results 451 patients（69.38%） showed positive SPT results.Of them,37 were caused by single allergen,414 by two or more allergens,and inhaled allergens were the major ones.43 had history of asthma.As for the causative allergens,390（86.5%） were house dustmites,and 346（76.7%） were dust mites.The total positive rate of serum SIgE detection was 83.3%.In the age group of 4~7 years,positive rates of SPT and SIgE were 90.8% and 87.3% respectively,while dust mites and house dust mites were the major allergens.The rates of children sensitized to whole-eggs and milk in the group of 4~7 years were significant higher than those of group 8~14 years（69.6% ∶78.1%）.Conclusion Allergic rhinitis is one of the risk factors for asthma.As the most common allergens causing pediatric AR in Shenzhen Bao＇an area,Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and dermatophagoides culinae should be regarded as the focal points for prevention.
出处
《中国耳鼻咽喉颅底外科杂志》
CAS
2011年第4期272-276,共5页
Chinese Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-skull Base Surgery
基金
深圳市宝安区科技计划资助项目(编号:2009371)
