摘要
目的探讨影响支气管哮喘（简称哮喘）控制水平及哮喘未来风险的因素，为降低哮喘未来风险提供依据。方法在2011年5月解放军总医院哮喘教育活动中，根据2006年全球哮喘防治创议（GINA）哮喘控制标准，将接受有效问卷调查并测定肺功能的32例哮喘患者分为控制、部分控制及未控制；比较部分控制组与未控制组的哮喘控制测试（ACT）、哮喘控制问卷（ACQ）、肺功能、过去1年急性发作次数、因哮喘加重看急诊及呼吸科门诊的次数、吸烟量等指标，评估患者哮喘控制水平和未来风险；并将2011年哮喘患者问卷调查结果与2007年调查结果进行比较。结果达到GINA哮喘控制者为3．1％，部分控制者为40．6％，未控制者为56．3％；部分控制组的ACT评分，第1秒用力呼气容积占预计值百分比（FEV，％pred）及最大呼气流量占预计值百分比（PEF％pred）明显高于未控制组（P〈0．05），而部分控制组的ACQ评分、过去1年急性发作次数、因哮喘加重看急诊及看呼吸科门诊次数和吸烟量明显低于未控制组（P〈O．05）。2011年接受问卷调查的患者对哮喘炎症的本质的认识明显高于2007年接受调查的患者（P〈0．05）。结论临床控制差、FEVt％pred及PEF％pred下降、过去一年中哮喘急性发作次数增加、因哮喘加重看急诊及呼吸科门诊的次数增加、吸烟量大是导致哮喘未控制的直接原因，这些因素可能增加哮喘未来不良事件发生的风险。
Objective To analyze factors influencing bronchial asthma （asthma） control and expected future risk to the patient. Methods A questionnaire were performed in the 32 patients with asthma at Chinese PLA general hospital in May 2011. The patients were divided into controlled, partly controlled and uncontrolled asthma by GINA 2006. ACT, ACQ, FEV1 % pred, PEF% pred, frequent of exacerbations in the past year, and admission to emergency and respiratory outpatient for asthma, and smoking were compared between partly controlled group and uncontrolled group. Furthermore, the results of questionnaire in 2011 were compared with findings in the same hospital in that of 2007. Results 3.1% of asthmatic patients achieved complete control, and 40.6% achieved partly controlled, and 56.3% were uncontrolled. ACT and FEV1 % pred and PEF% pred at partly controlled group were statistically higher than that of uncontrolled group （ P 〈0.05）. However, ACQ, smoking, frequent of exacerbations in the past year and admission to emergency and respiratory outpatient for asthma at partly controlled group were statistically lower than that of uncontrolled group （ P 〈0.05）. The percent of the asthmatic patients in 2011 who realized that asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease was significantly higher than that of patients in 2007 （ P 〈0.05）. Conclusions Poor clinical control, decline in FEV1%0 pred and PEF%pred, frequent exacerbations in past year, and admission to emergency and respiratory outpatient for asthma, and heavy smoking are leading direct causes of uncontrolled asthma and these causes may increase future risk of asthma.
出处
《国际呼吸杂志》
2011年第19期1452-1456,共5页
International Journal of Respiration
关键词
哮喘
问卷调查
肺功能
控制
未来风险
Asthma
Questionnaire
Lung function
Control
Future risk
