摘要
为了生态厕所的推广使用、便于操作和节约能耗,多采用无加热的设施,即在自然条件下（对于小型生态厕所,接近中温条件）的好氧堆肥处理。了解中温好氧堆肥过程有机物的降解特性,对于生态厕所的推广使用和简化设计、操作等具有重要意义。采用密闭式好氧堆肥反应器,模拟中温（35℃）的堆肥温度,以新鲜锯末为空白载体,在含水率为60%以及连续强制供气条件下,进行了为期14 d的实验,评估中温好氧堆肥过程中粪便中有机物的降解特性。结果表明,中温条件下粪便中有机物去除率达到63%以上;且堆肥腐熟期长达10~12 d。微生物总量的磷脂分析表明,中温条件下堆肥的微生物总量的变化充分说明了有机物的生物降解特性。中温好氧堆肥过程中具有较高的有机物去除率,只是堆肥腐熟期较长,这对于生态厕所在实际中的推广应用及设计操作等意义重大。
Batch experiments were conducted using a closed aerobic composting reactor with sawdust as the bulky matrix to simulate the condition of bio-toilet for sanitary disposal of human feces.Under a controlled condition of temperature at 35 ℃,moisture content at 60% and continuous air supply,the aerobic composting experiments were conducted for 14 days,and the biodegradation of organics in human feces during the composting process was investigated.Results showed that more than 63% fecal organic was removed under thermophilic condition.Compost maturity period lasted for 10-12 days at 35 ℃.Biomass was analyzed by phospholipid fatty acids（PLFA）,the process of organics biodegradation could be well described by the first class bio-chemical dynamics reaction.Generally speaking,satisfied compost effect was reached under the methepholic condition while composting maturity period is long,it was important for designing and further spread of bio-toilet.
出处
《环境污染与防治》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2011年第9期15-18,53,共5页
Environmental Pollution & Control
基金
国家"863计划"项目(No.2006AA06Z328)
国家自然科学基金重大国际合作项目(No.50621140001
No.50621140002)
国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(No.2008ZX07317-004)
长江学者基金和创新研究梯队项目(No.IRT0853)
宝鸡文理学院院级项目(No.YK1030)
关键词
堆肥反应器
人粪便
有机物降解
堆肥腐熟期
生物量
磷脂法
composting reactor
human feces
organic degradation
composting maturity period
biomass
phospholipid analysis
