摘要
以对米的实际购买力进行折算,从所见史料看,春秋后期范蠡的商业资本,可达人民币数百万元;齐桓公的盐业资本(作为战国时期的案例),可达人民币2000万元;西汉武帝时期的巨万之家,可达人民币4300万元;北宋仁宗时期的最大家族资产,可达人民币1亿元;南宋绍兴年间的最大家族资产,可达人民币1.3亿元。尽管这些数据都比较粗糙,但与"明清淮盐经营与徽商"这个典型相比较,仍可相对地看出,明清时期是我国古代商业资本最发达的时期。为避免把战国以降的任何一个重要的历史时期或朝代都说成有商品经济社会萌芽的存在,有必要提出一个基本的思路,即在比较中认识中国商品经济社会的萌芽。另《史记.货殖列传》中一段有关米价的文字"上不过八十,下不减三十",应以每釜为单位较好。
According to the historical documents, based on the real purchasing power converted by rice, Fan Li＇s commercial capital in late Spring and Autumn Period amounted to millions Yuan; Qi Huangong＇s salt industry capital （a ease in the Warring States） was up to 20 million Yuan; a rich family in the reign of Emperor Wudi of Western Hart Dynasty had 43 million Yuan; the assets of the largest family in the reign of Emperor Ren Zong of Northern Song Dynasty reached 100 million Yuan; the largest family in the period of Shaoxing of Southern Song Dynasty had assets of 130 million Yuan. These data are relatively rough. But comparing with ＂Hui merchants of Huai salt business＂ in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, it is evident that Ming and Qing Dynasties were the most flourishing period of commercial capitals in ancient China. Therefore, comparison between salt capitals in dynasties should be made to understand when there were the seeds of China＇s commodity economy. As for the unit of rice price, fu （a kettle） was better, since it was used in the ＂less than eighty fu, and more than thirty fu＂ cited from Records of the Historian： Biographical Annals of Profiting Selling Goods.
出处
《盐业史研究》
2011年第4期11-21,共11页
Salt Industry History Research
关键词
商品经济社会的萌芽
比较
资本
the seeds of China commodity economy
comparison
capital
