摘要
目的了解医院感染的发生状况及分布规律、危险因素、抗菌药物使用、评价医院感染监控措施的效果。方法制定调查计划书,采取床旁调查与查阅病历相结合的方法,对2010年10月26日0∶00-24∶00的住院患者进行医院感染现患率调查。结果医院感染现患率为0.81%,其中肿瘤内科现患率最高为1.98%;感染部位以下呼吸道感染为主占50.00%,其次为上呼吸道、手术切口、口腔感染,各占16.67%;调查日抗菌药物使用率17.92%,一联用药45.86%、二联用药51.88%、三联用药2.26%;肺炎克雷伯菌为医院感染的主要病原菌,真菌感染也占有相当比例。结论了解到医院感染的高发科室、主要部位、危险因素、主要病原菌,有助于制定针对性的医院感染控制方案,持续改进医院感染管理;提高治疗性用药和病原学送检率,减少联合用药,防止二重感染和耐药菌株的产生,预防与控制医院感染的发生。
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the monitoring state of nosocomial infection by investigating the current status, risk factors and the usage of antibacterial agents. METHODS Using a self-designed survey, professional personnel participated in the research in cooperation with members of clinical infection management group. Data during 0..00 -24：00 on Oct. 26th, 2010, were collected by the means of bedside and medical record investigation. RESULTS Among 742 surveyed inpatients, nonsocomial infection prevalence rate was 0. 81%, which was the highest in medical oncology （1. 98%）. Lower respiratory tract infection was the most common infection site （50%）, followed by upper respiratory tract, surgical site, and mouth, each occupying 16.67 %. Antibiotics utilization ratio was 17.92%, and 45. 86% for single antibiotics treatment, 51. 88% for two drug joint treatment, 2.26% for triple drug joint treatment. Therapeutic medication occupied 28.57%, preventive medication occupied 46.62%, and combined medication occupied 24.81%. The nosocomial infection examination rate was 80.00%. The Kleb- siella pneumonia was the main pathogen, and the fungal infection occupie a large proportion. CONCLUSION Knowing the departments with high incidence, the main infection sites, risk factors and main pathogens can help to make control scheme and improve hospital infection management. We could achieve prevention and control of nosocomial infection by strengthening the management of antibacterial agent usage, increasing the therapeutic medication and examination rate, decreasing combined medication, preventing double infection and drug resistant strains.
出处
《中华医院感染学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第1期61-63,共3页
Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology
关键词
医院感染
现患率
调查分析
Nonsocomial infection
Prevalence rate
Investigation and analysis
