摘要
目的 探讨兔骶丛爆震伤动物模型的建立. 方法 取18只日本大耳白兔,致伤物为当量600 mg三硝基甲苯（TNT）炸药的电子雷管,根据雷管与皮肤致伤距离不同分为3组：致伤物与皮肤距离为1 cm（A组）、致伤物与皮肤距离为2 cm（B组）、致伤物与皮肤距离为5 cm（C组）,每组6只,以后正中线、右髂后上棘与股骨转子连线及右股骨转子水平连线形成一三角形区域,即骶丛在体表投影区域为致伤点,于距爆炸点10 cm处采集爆震波压力,通过压力公式转换成各组致伤压力,于致伤前、致伤即刻、致伤后1周3个时相点检测下肢短潜伏期体感诱发电位（SLSEP）,评估动物的伤情,观察骶丛神经损伤的情况.结果 A、B、C组爆震伤压力平均分别为（413.25±8.09）、（51.34±1.03）、（3.61±7.50） MPa,致伤面积平均分别为（31.47±5.91）、（18.13±8.04）、（4.60±7.16） cm2,以上项目3组间两两比较差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.A组肉眼下骶丛神经全部断裂,1周存活率为0；B组肉眼下骶丛神经挫伤,骶丛损伤症状明显,伤后即刻SLSEP消失,1周后无恢复,1周存活率为83.3％；C组仅伤及皮肤,未见骶丛损伤症状,伤后即刻、伤后1周SLSEP与伤前比较差异均无统计学意义（P＞0.05）,1周存活率为100％.结论 600 mg TNT炸药、致伤距离为2 cm,可形成典型的骶丛损伤,稳定性良好,且存活率高,可作为长期实验观察研究.
Objective To establish models of blast injury to the sacral plexus in rabbits.Methods Electronic explosive detonators containing explosion equivalent of 600 mg TNT were used to create explosive injury to 18 rabbits which were divided into 3 even groups at random according to the distance between the detonator and the skin.The distance was 1 cm in group A,2 cm in group B and 5 cm in group C.The hit point was the triangle surface projection of the sacral plexus region formed by the posterior median line,the connection line between the right posterior superior iliac spine and the femoral trochanter,and the level line of the right femoral trochanter.The explosion wave pressures were collected 10 cm away from the explosion point before they were converted to the hit point pressures by an equation in each group.The injury to the sacral plexus was assessed according to the short-latency somatosensory evoked potential （SLSEP） recorded at preinjury,immediately at injury and one week postinjury. Results The hit point pressures in groups A,B and C were respectively 413.25 ± 8.09 MPa,51.34 ± 1.03 MPa and 3.61 ± 7.50 MPa.The injury areas were respectively 31.47 ±5.91 cm2,18.13 ±8.04 cm2 and 4.60±7.16 cm2.There were significant between-group differences in hit point pressure and injury area（ P 〈 0.05）.The sacral plexus was ruptured in all animals and the one-week survival rate was 0 in group A.In group B the sacral plexus was obviously injured,the SLSEP disappeared immediately after injury and did not recover after one week,and the one-week survival rate was 83.3%.In group C,only the skin was hurt without injury to the sacral plexus,there was no significant difference in the changes of SLSEP between preinjury and postinjury （ P 〉 0.05）,and the one-week survival rate was 100%. Conclusions A typical blast injury to the sacral plexus can be created with explosion equivalent of 600 mg TNT and a distance of 2 cm between the detonator and the hit point.Rabbit models made this way have a stable and long time survival for observation of pathological changes in the injured nerves of sacral plexus.
出处
《中华创伤骨科杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第2期138-142,共5页
Chinese Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma
基金
基金项目：全军“十一五”基金资助项目（09MA007）
国家自然科学基金（30973054）
关键词
腰骶丛
爆震伤
诱发电位
躯体感觉
模型
动物
兔
Lumbosacral plexus
Blast injuries
Evoked potentials, somatosensory
Model, animal
Rabbits
