摘要
目的:观察在治疗开始前对患儿监护人进行简单的"如何让孩子配合口腔治疗"教育的效果。方法:选择北京大学口腔医院门诊就诊的健康2～8岁患儿为研究对象,进行问卷调查以收集患儿和监护人的基本信息。将入选患儿随机分为干预组和对照组两组,给干预组监护人分发"如何让孩子配合口腔治疗"的宣传单,给对照组监护人分发口腔卫生重要性的宣传单。分4个时点观察两组监护人在面对孩子治疗时自身的紧张程度和所使用语言的特点,同时观察孩子的行为表现、心率变化情况。结果:共观察了235名儿童,年龄为4.35±1.66岁,其中男孩131人,女孩104人;共有165人接受了局部麻醉注射。对照组人数129人,95人接受局部麻醉注射;干预组人数106人,70人接受了局部麻醉注射。干预组儿童总体的行为表现好于对照组(χ2=4.56,P=0.033);干预组患儿监护人的紧张程度在治疗开始时(Z=-2.581,P=0.01)、局部麻醉时(Z=-3.613,P=0.002)、治疗中(Z=-3.096,P=0.002)、整个治疗过程(Z=-3.042,P=0.002)4个时点都好于对照组;干预组患儿监护人在3个时点更多使用了期望性语言,即在局部麻醉时(χ2=15.57,P<0.001)、治疗中(χ2=6.52,P=0.011)和整个治疗过程(χ2=15.99,P<0.001)。结论:在治疗开始前对监护人进行简单的主题为"如何让孩子配合口腔治疗"的教育能有效改善监护人和患儿在诊疗过程中的行为表现。
Objective： To assess the effect of the pretreatment education of the guardians on the children＇s and guardian＇s behavior during dental treatment.Methods： The study group included 235 children aged 2-8 years who received dental treatment in the Department of Pediatric Dentistry,Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology.Interviews were conducted with accompanying guardians to collect information of children and their guardians,including parent＇s Corah Dental Anxiety Scale.The guardians were randomly divided into two groups.Group Ⅰ was control group in which the guardians received a pamphlet about how to clean children＇s teeth,group Ⅱ was the education group in which the guardians received a pamphlet about how to help a child to cooperate with the dentist during dental treatment.Children＇s heart rate was recorded at different time points： before the treatment,at local anesthesia（LA）,during the treatment and at the end of the treatment.Children＇s dental behavior was rated by a modified Venham＇s clinical anxiety scale and a cooperative behavior rating scale.The guardian＇s tension was sorted into four levels and the characteristics of their language were recorded.Results： Among the 235 children,131 were boys and 104 were girls with mean age of 4.35 years,and 165 children were treated under LA.The group Ⅰ included 129 children and 95 children were treated with LA.The group Ⅱ included 106 children and 70 children were treated with LA.The children＇s behavior in group Ⅱ was better than that in group Ⅰ（χ2=4.56,P=0.033）.The guardians in group Ⅱ were more relaxed than in group Ⅰ at all the four times points： Beginning（Z=-2.581,P=0.01）,LA（Z=-3.613,P=0.002）,Treatment（Z=-3.096,P=0.002）,Whole（Z=-3.042,P=0.002）;and more positive language were used in group Ⅱ at three times points： LA（χ2=15.57,P0.001）,Treatment（χ2=6.52,P =0.011） and Whole（χ2=15.99,P0.001）.Conclusion： An education for guardians before dental treatment may improve children＇s dental behavior and guardians＇ tension in dental treatment.
出处
《北京大学学报（医学版）》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第1期125-129,共5页
Journal of Peking University:Health Sciences
关键词
儿童口腔保健
法定监护人
儿童行为
行为疗法
Dental care for children
Legal guardian
Children behavior
Behavior therapy
