摘要
背景:体育运动及日常生活中骨受暴力损伤较为常见,金属材料在对受损骨进行固定和重建中得到了普遍运用,而金属钢板的生物力学性能对骨的稳定性和血供等产生较大影响,进而影响康复效果。目的:对骨金属材料的材料学性质和种类以及临床应用情况进行概述,着重以骨金属钢板材料的生物力学特征为视角,对其临床治疗效果进行阐述与分析。方法:应用计算机检索PubMed、维普和万方数据库中1980-01/2011-09关于骨损伤治疗及其金属材料学方面的文章,在标题和摘要中以"骨,医用,金属,材料"或"bone,medical,metal,materials"为检索词进行检索。选择文章内容与骨治疗措施及金属材料学相关,同一领域文献则选择近期发表或发表在权威杂志文章。初检得到276篇文献,根据纳入标准选择24篇文章进行综述。结果与结论:经过长期的研究和临床筛选,在临床治疗中得到广泛应用的生物医学金属材料主要有医用不锈钢、医用钴基合金、医用钛和钛合金、医用形状记忆合金和医用磁性合金等。文章从材料学性质对植入体的力学影响,螺钉数量对骨钢板的力学影响,骨锁定钢板与普通钢板的力学性能,材料的植入方式对钢板力学的影响,材料的形状对钢板力学的影响等方面进行了分析。金属材料自身的性质、锻造工艺以及临床植入方式等方面的因素,对其临床生物力学性能和治疗效果起到较大的影响。
BACKGROUND： Bone injury caused by violence is common in daily life and sports, metal materials have been widely utilized in the fixation and reconstruction of the damaged bone, while the biomechanical properties of metal plate greatly affect the on the bone stability and blood supply, thereby affecting the recovery. OBJECTIVE： To summarize the properties, type and clinical applications of bone metal materials, to summarize and analyze clinical effects with emphasis on the biomechanical characteristics of bone metal plate. METHODS： A computer-based retrieval of PubMed, VIP database and Wanfang database from January 1980 to September 2011 was performed for papers regarding the treatment of bone injury and metal materials, with key words of ＂bone; medical; metal; materials＂ in both English and Chinese screening in the titles and abstracts. Documents related with the treatment measures of bone and metal materials were included, and those published recently or published in the authority journals were preferred in the same field. Initially 276 documents were screened out and 24 of them were involved in the final analysis according inclusion criteria. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION： A long-term research and clinical screenings show that, biomedical metal materials that have been widely used in clinical treatment include medical stainless steel, medical drill-based alloys, medical titanium and titanium alloys, medical shape memory alloys and medical magnetic alloys. These involved documents have discussed the influence of the material properties on the mechanical effects of the implant, the influence of screw number on the mechanical effects of bone plate, the mechanical properties of bone locking plate and common steel plate, the influence of implanting approach on the mechanical effect of steel plate, and the influence of the material shape on the mechanics of steel plate. There were many factors influencing the biomechanical properties and therapeutic effects, such as the nature and forging process of metal materials, and ways of clinical implants.
出处
《中国组织工程研究与临床康复》
CAS
CSCD
2012年第4期728-731,共4页
Journal of Clinical Rehabilitative Tissue Engineering Research
