摘要
目的调查北京市顺义区50岁及以上人群盲和中、重度视力损伤的患病率。方法以人群为基础的横断面调查。2006年4—8月对北京市顺义区50岁及以上人群进行视力和眼部检查。采用整群随机抽样方法抽取28个调查点，正式现场调查之前先进行预试验，并进行保证调查质量的重复性检验。根据村户口本逐户检录调查对象，对受检人群进行视力和眼部检查。按年龄、性别、受教育程度分别计算盲和中、重度视力损伤的患病率。各检测数据间的比较采用X^2z检验和趋势x^2检验。结果在检录的5840人中，5118人接受并完成了检查，受检率为87．64％。以世界卫生组织1973年视力损伤分类标准和最佳矫正视力计算，盲57例，患病率为1．11％；中、重度视力损伤160例，患病率为3．12％。以世界卫生组织1973年视力损伤分类标准和日常生活视力计算，盲65例，患病率为1．27％；中、重度视力损伤428例，患病率为8．36％。以最佳矫正视力计算，高龄（趋势X^2=784．23，P=0．000）、女性（x。=28．35，P=0．000）和文盲（趋势x^2=397．13，P=0．000）人群的盲和中、重度视力损伤的患病率增高。白内障是盲和中、重度视力损伤的主要原因。视网膜疾病成为导致盲和中、重度视力损伤的第二位原因。未矫正屈光不正也是导致视力损伤的重要原因。结论北京市顺义区50岁及以上人群盲的患病率较1996年有所下降，表明该区的防盲治盲工作取得成效。但是白内障仍是导致盲和中、重度视力损伤的首要原因。
Objective To assess the prevalence of blindness and moderate and severe visual impairment among adults aged 50 years or above in the Shunyi district of Beijing, China. Methods It was a population-based cross-section study. Geographically defined cluster sampling was used in 5840 randomly selected individuals aged ≥ 50 years in 28 clusters in the Shunyi district from April to August 2006. The survey was preceded by a pilot study where operational methods were refined and quality assurance evaluation was carried out. All participants were enumerated through village registers followed door-to-door visits. Eligible individuals were invited to receive visual acuity measurement and eye examination. Statistical analyses were performed using Stata/SE Statistical Software, release 9, 0. Chi-square test was used to investigate the association of age, gender and education with presenting and best corrected visual acuity. Results Five thousands eight hundreds and forty individuals were recruited and 5118 persons were examined,the response rate was 87. 64%. Based on the criteria of World Health Organization visual impairment classification in 1973,57 persons were diagnosed as blindness, 160 persons were diagnosed as moderate and severe visual impairment defined as best corrected visual acuity, the prevalence of blindness and moderate and severe visual impairment were 1.11% and 3.12% respectively. Sixty-five persons were diagnosed as blindness, 428 persons were diagnosed as moderate and severe visual impairment defined as presenting visual acuity,the prevalence of blindness and moderate and severe visual impairment were 1, 27% and 8. 36% respectively. The prevalence of blindness and moderate and severe visual impairment was higher in aged （ trend X2 = 784. 23, P = 0. 000 ） , female （ X2 = 28.35, P =0. 000 ） , and illiterate persons （ trend X2 = 397. 13, P = 0. 000）. Cataract was still the first leading cause of blindness and visual impairment, the retinal diseases was the second. Un-corrected refractive error also was the main cause of visual impairment. Conclusions The prevalence of blindness and moderate and severe visual impairment has been decreasing among older adults aged 50 years or above in the Shunyi district since 1996. The first leading cause of blindness and visual impairment is still cataract.
出处
《中华眼科杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第3期199-204,共6页
Chinese Journal of Ophthalmology
