摘要
目的调查深圳市职业性肌肉骨骼疾患(WMSD)发病情况及社会心理因素的影响。方法采用横断面调查法,对深圳市机械加工、珠宝加工、钢结构、设备制造企业2 044名员工进行WMSD及相关社会心理因素的问卷调查。对调查对象工作情况进行聚类分析,可能的危险因素进行多因素logistic回归分析。结果调查对象曾患WMSD患病率56.4%,曾因患WMSD请假率7.5%;近1年患WMSD患病率48.1%,近1年因患WMSD请假率5.6%;近1周患WMSD患病率38.0%,近1周因患WMSD请假率3.7%。工作满意感评分与曾患WMSD率、年患WMSD率、周患WMSD率的比值比(OR)值分别为:0.766、0.865、0.779,消极心理情绪评分与曾患WMSD率、年患WMSD率、周患WMSD率的OR值分别为:1.406、1.458、1.455,积极心理情绪评分与曾经因患WMSD请假率的OR值为0.813,工作有危险性评分与周患WMSD率、周因患WMSD请假率的OR值分别为:1.123、1.226,支持与人际关系评分与周因患WMSD请假率的OR值为1.437。本次调查尚未发现工作任务、工作控制自评分与WMSD发生相关的统计学证据。结论调查企业的员工WMSD患病率较高,因患WMSD的工时损失不容忽视。职业相关心理社会因素对WMSD发生有一定影响,可从提高工作满意感,疏导化解悲观、焦虑、抑郁情绪,改善支持与人际关系,营造安全舒适的工作氛围等进行干预。
Objective To explore the relationship between work-related musculoskeletal disorders （WMSD） and psychosocial factors in Shenzhen. Methods With cross-sectional study, 2 044 workers from mechanical workout, jewelcrafting, steel structure and equipment manufacture were conducted by WMSD and psychosocial questionnaire survey. Cluster analysis and lo- gistic analysis were used. Results WMSD morbidity rate was 56.4%, absenteeism rate due to WMSD was 7. 5%. The WMSD morbidity rate in recent year was 48. 1% , with the absenteeism rate 5.6%. The WMSD morbidity rate in recent week was 38. 0% , with the absenteeism rate 3.7%. The odds ratio among job satisfaction score and previous WMSD rate, year WMSD rate and week WMSD rate were 0. 766,0. 865 and 0. 779 respectively. The odds ratio among negative mental status score, previous WMSD rate, year WMSD rate and week WMSD rate were 1. 406,1. 458,1. 455 respectively. The odds ratio between positive mental status score and previous WMSD rate was 0. 813. The odds ratio among dangerous work score, week WMSD rate and week absenteeism rate due to WMSD were 1. 123 and 1. 226 respectively. The odds ratio between support and interpersonal relationship, week absenteeism rate due to WMSD was 1. 437. There were no significant differences among work task, control in work and WMSD. Conclusion WMSD morbidity rate was high, and the absenteeism rate due to WMSD cannot be ignored. Occupational psychosocial factors can influence WMSD, interference can be applied through raising job satisfaction, reliefing anxiety, improving social support, and building safe and comfortable work environment.
出处
《中国职业医学》
CAS
北大核心
2012年第3期202-205,共4页
China Occupational Medicine
基金
2010年深圳市科技计划项目(201003219)
关键词
职业性
肌肉骨骼疾患
社会心理因素
社会支持
Occupational
Musculoskeletal disorders
Psychosocial factors
Social support
