摘要
为了确保粮食安全,我国政府强调18亿亩耕地红线坚决不能突破,但未提出耕地保有量在各个地区如何进行公平分配。针对此问题,借鉴基尼系数,构建我国耕地保有量公平分配的优化模型。以2010年各省(市、自治区)的耕地保有量公平分配为例,利用各地区现有耕地面积数据,选取各地区人口、二三产业产值、粮食产量、农用地面积、水资源总量、≥10℃年积温、太阳辐射作为指标,结合各地区粮食自给率与后备耕地资源,构建基于基尼系数的耕地保有量分配优化模型,利用Lingo软件求出模型最优解并结合GIS技术绘制各地区耕地面积增减比例图。根据优化后耕地面积增减量占现有耕地面积的比例,我国各地区耕地面积需要调整情况可以分为五类:耕地削减区、耕地保持区、耕地小幅度增加区、耕地中幅度增加区、耕地大幅度增加区。结论表明,基于基尼系数的耕地保有量分配结果既公平又可行,可为耕地保护提供借鉴。
In order to ensure food security, Chinese government emphasizes the importance to protect 1800 million mus of arable land, however, how to equally distribute them is still unknown. Aiming at this problem, according to the concept of Gini coefficient, an optimization model for cultivated land allocations was established. Taking cultivated land fair allocations of thirty-one provinces for example, based on the existing arable date in each region, together with grain self-sufficient ratio and reserved cultivated land, we selected population, secondary industry product and tertiary industry product, agricultural output value, agricultural land, agricultural water consumption, annual accumulated temperature above 10qC and solar radiation as indices to construct an optimization model for cultivated land allocations, and calculated the result of this model using lingo software, then mapped increase or decrease proportion of arable land in thirty-one provinces with the GIS-based methods. According to the increase or decrease proportion, the changes of arable land can be classified to five kinds： decrease of arable land （〈0）, retention of arable land （=0）, small increase of arable land （0-5%）, moderate increase of arable land（5%-10% ）, large increase of arable land（ 〉10% ）. Results showed that the new allocations were fair and feasible, so it has reference for cultivated land protection.
出处
《经济地理》
CSSCI
北大核心
2012年第6期132-137,共6页
Economic Geography
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(40930103
40771186)
江苏省自然科学基金项目(BK2001040)
关键词
耕地保有量
公平性
基尼系数
优化模型
区域分配
protection area of cultivated land
fairness
Gini coefficient
optimization model
regional allocation
